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Assessing Autophagy in Archived Tissue or How to Capture Autophagic Flux from a Tissue Snapshot

Autophagy is a highly conserved degradation mechanism that is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. In human disease, autophagy pathways are frequently deregulated and there is immense interest in targeting autophagy for therapeutic approaches. Accordingly, there is a need to determine aut...

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Autores principales: Humbert, Magali, Morán, María, de la Cruz-Ojeda, Patricia, Muntané, Jordi, Wiedmer, Tabea, Apostolova, Nadezda, McKenna, Sharon L., Velasco, Guillermo, Balduini, Walter, Eckhart, Leopold, Janji, Bassam, Sampaio-Marques, Belém, Ludovico, Paula, Žerovnik, Eva, Langer, Rupert, Perren, Aurel, Engedal, Nikolai, Tschan, Mario P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7150830/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32245178
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9030059
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author Humbert, Magali
Morán, María
de la Cruz-Ojeda, Patricia
Muntané, Jordi
Wiedmer, Tabea
Apostolova, Nadezda
McKenna, Sharon L.
Velasco, Guillermo
Balduini, Walter
Eckhart, Leopold
Janji, Bassam
Sampaio-Marques, Belém
Ludovico, Paula
Žerovnik, Eva
Langer, Rupert
Perren, Aurel
Engedal, Nikolai
Tschan, Mario P.
author_facet Humbert, Magali
Morán, María
de la Cruz-Ojeda, Patricia
Muntané, Jordi
Wiedmer, Tabea
Apostolova, Nadezda
McKenna, Sharon L.
Velasco, Guillermo
Balduini, Walter
Eckhart, Leopold
Janji, Bassam
Sampaio-Marques, Belém
Ludovico, Paula
Žerovnik, Eva
Langer, Rupert
Perren, Aurel
Engedal, Nikolai
Tschan, Mario P.
author_sort Humbert, Magali
collection PubMed
description Autophagy is a highly conserved degradation mechanism that is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. In human disease, autophagy pathways are frequently deregulated and there is immense interest in targeting autophagy for therapeutic approaches. Accordingly, there is a need to determine autophagic activity in human tissues, an endeavor that is hampered by the fact that autophagy is characterized by the flux of substrates whereas histology informs only about amounts and localization of substrates and regulators at a single timepoint. Despite this challenging task, considerable progress in establishing markers of autophagy has been made in recent years. The importance of establishing clear-cut autophagy markers that can be used for tissue analysis cannot be underestimated. In this review, we attempt to summarize known techniques to quantify autophagy in human tissue and their drawbacks. Furthermore, we provide some recommendations that should be taken into consideration to improve the reliability and the interpretation of autophagy biomarkers in human tissue samples.
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spelling pubmed-71508302020-04-20 Assessing Autophagy in Archived Tissue or How to Capture Autophagic Flux from a Tissue Snapshot Humbert, Magali Morán, María de la Cruz-Ojeda, Patricia Muntané, Jordi Wiedmer, Tabea Apostolova, Nadezda McKenna, Sharon L. Velasco, Guillermo Balduini, Walter Eckhart, Leopold Janji, Bassam Sampaio-Marques, Belém Ludovico, Paula Žerovnik, Eva Langer, Rupert Perren, Aurel Engedal, Nikolai Tschan, Mario P. Biology (Basel) Communication Autophagy is a highly conserved degradation mechanism that is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. In human disease, autophagy pathways are frequently deregulated and there is immense interest in targeting autophagy for therapeutic approaches. Accordingly, there is a need to determine autophagic activity in human tissues, an endeavor that is hampered by the fact that autophagy is characterized by the flux of substrates whereas histology informs only about amounts and localization of substrates and regulators at a single timepoint. Despite this challenging task, considerable progress in establishing markers of autophagy has been made in recent years. The importance of establishing clear-cut autophagy markers that can be used for tissue analysis cannot be underestimated. In this review, we attempt to summarize known techniques to quantify autophagy in human tissue and their drawbacks. Furthermore, we provide some recommendations that should be taken into consideration to improve the reliability and the interpretation of autophagy biomarkers in human tissue samples. MDPI 2020-03-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7150830/ /pubmed/32245178 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9030059 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Communication
Humbert, Magali
Morán, María
de la Cruz-Ojeda, Patricia
Muntané, Jordi
Wiedmer, Tabea
Apostolova, Nadezda
McKenna, Sharon L.
Velasco, Guillermo
Balduini, Walter
Eckhart, Leopold
Janji, Bassam
Sampaio-Marques, Belém
Ludovico, Paula
Žerovnik, Eva
Langer, Rupert
Perren, Aurel
Engedal, Nikolai
Tschan, Mario P.
Assessing Autophagy in Archived Tissue or How to Capture Autophagic Flux from a Tissue Snapshot
title Assessing Autophagy in Archived Tissue or How to Capture Autophagic Flux from a Tissue Snapshot
title_full Assessing Autophagy in Archived Tissue or How to Capture Autophagic Flux from a Tissue Snapshot
title_fullStr Assessing Autophagy in Archived Tissue or How to Capture Autophagic Flux from a Tissue Snapshot
title_full_unstemmed Assessing Autophagy in Archived Tissue or How to Capture Autophagic Flux from a Tissue Snapshot
title_short Assessing Autophagy in Archived Tissue or How to Capture Autophagic Flux from a Tissue Snapshot
title_sort assessing autophagy in archived tissue or how to capture autophagic flux from a tissue snapshot
topic Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7150830/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32245178
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9030059
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