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NIR Laser-Responsive PNIPAM and Gold Nanorod Composites for the Engineering of Thermally Reactive Drug Delivery Nanomedicine

When ingesting a drug on its own or injecting it directly into tissue, its concentration increases immediately within the body, which often exacerbates the side effects and increases its toxicity. To solve this problem, we synthesized the thermally reactive polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA...

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Autores principales: Kwon, Yejin, Choi, Yonghyun, Jang, Jaehee, Yoon, Semi, Choi, Jonghoon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7150923/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32120934
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12030204
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author Kwon, Yejin
Choi, Yonghyun
Jang, Jaehee
Yoon, Semi
Choi, Jonghoon
author_facet Kwon, Yejin
Choi, Yonghyun
Jang, Jaehee
Yoon, Semi
Choi, Jonghoon
author_sort Kwon, Yejin
collection PubMed
description When ingesting a drug on its own or injecting it directly into tissue, its concentration increases immediately within the body, which often exacerbates the side effects and increases its toxicity. To solve this problem, we synthesized the thermally reactive polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and prepared nanocarriers by binding PNIPAM to gold nanorods (GRs), with the anticancer agent doxorubicin (DOX) used as a model drug. PNIPAM changes from hydrophilic to hydrophobic at temperatures above its lower critical solution temperature, which represents a coil-to-globule volume phase transition. Because GRs absorb near-infrared (NIR) laser light and emit energy, PNIPAM aggregation occurs when the synthesized PNIPAM/GR are subjected to an NIR laser, and the temperature of the GRs rises. Using this principle, DOX was combined with the PNIPAM/GR complex, and the resulting anticancer effects with and without laser treatment were observed in Hela and MDA-MB-231 cells. In our proposed complex, the GR binding rate of PNIPAM reached 20% and the DOX binding rate reached 15%. The release profile of the drug following laser irradiation was determined using a drug release test and confocal microscopy imaging. It was subsequently confirmed that the release of the drug is higher at higher temperatures, especially with laser treatment. The proposed combination of temperature-reactive polymers and gold nanostructures shows promise for future research into controlled drug release.
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spelling pubmed-71509232020-04-20 NIR Laser-Responsive PNIPAM and Gold Nanorod Composites for the Engineering of Thermally Reactive Drug Delivery Nanomedicine Kwon, Yejin Choi, Yonghyun Jang, Jaehee Yoon, Semi Choi, Jonghoon Pharmaceutics Article When ingesting a drug on its own or injecting it directly into tissue, its concentration increases immediately within the body, which often exacerbates the side effects and increases its toxicity. To solve this problem, we synthesized the thermally reactive polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and prepared nanocarriers by binding PNIPAM to gold nanorods (GRs), with the anticancer agent doxorubicin (DOX) used as a model drug. PNIPAM changes from hydrophilic to hydrophobic at temperatures above its lower critical solution temperature, which represents a coil-to-globule volume phase transition. Because GRs absorb near-infrared (NIR) laser light and emit energy, PNIPAM aggregation occurs when the synthesized PNIPAM/GR are subjected to an NIR laser, and the temperature of the GRs rises. Using this principle, DOX was combined with the PNIPAM/GR complex, and the resulting anticancer effects with and without laser treatment were observed in Hela and MDA-MB-231 cells. In our proposed complex, the GR binding rate of PNIPAM reached 20% and the DOX binding rate reached 15%. The release profile of the drug following laser irradiation was determined using a drug release test and confocal microscopy imaging. It was subsequently confirmed that the release of the drug is higher at higher temperatures, especially with laser treatment. The proposed combination of temperature-reactive polymers and gold nanostructures shows promise for future research into controlled drug release. MDPI 2020-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7150923/ /pubmed/32120934 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12030204 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kwon, Yejin
Choi, Yonghyun
Jang, Jaehee
Yoon, Semi
Choi, Jonghoon
NIR Laser-Responsive PNIPAM and Gold Nanorod Composites for the Engineering of Thermally Reactive Drug Delivery Nanomedicine
title NIR Laser-Responsive PNIPAM and Gold Nanorod Composites for the Engineering of Thermally Reactive Drug Delivery Nanomedicine
title_full NIR Laser-Responsive PNIPAM and Gold Nanorod Composites for the Engineering of Thermally Reactive Drug Delivery Nanomedicine
title_fullStr NIR Laser-Responsive PNIPAM and Gold Nanorod Composites for the Engineering of Thermally Reactive Drug Delivery Nanomedicine
title_full_unstemmed NIR Laser-Responsive PNIPAM and Gold Nanorod Composites for the Engineering of Thermally Reactive Drug Delivery Nanomedicine
title_short NIR Laser-Responsive PNIPAM and Gold Nanorod Composites for the Engineering of Thermally Reactive Drug Delivery Nanomedicine
title_sort nir laser-responsive pnipam and gold nanorod composites for the engineering of thermally reactive drug delivery nanomedicine
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7150923/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32120934
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12030204
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