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Building peptidoglycan inside eukaryotic cells: A view from symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria
The peptidoglycan (PG), as the exoskeleton of most prokaryotes, maintains a defined shape and ensures cell integrity against the high internal turgor pressure. These important roles have attracted researchers to target PG metabolism in order to control bacterial infections. Most studies, however, ha...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7154730/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32185832 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mmi.14452 |
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author | García‐del Portillo, Francisco |
author_facet | García‐del Portillo, Francisco |
author_sort | García‐del Portillo, Francisco |
collection | PubMed |
description | The peptidoglycan (PG), as the exoskeleton of most prokaryotes, maintains a defined shape and ensures cell integrity against the high internal turgor pressure. These important roles have attracted researchers to target PG metabolism in order to control bacterial infections. Most studies, however, have been performed in bacteria grown under laboratory conditions, leading to only a partial view on how the PG is synthetized in natural environments. As a case in point, PG metabolism and its regulation remain poorly understood in symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria living inside eukaryotic cells. This review focuses on the PG metabolism of intracellular bacteria, emphasizing the necessity of more in vivo studies involving the analysis of enzymes produced in the intracellular niche and the isolation of PG from bacteria residing within eukaryotic cells. The review also points to persistent infections caused by some intracellular bacterial pathogens and the extent at which the PG could contribute to establish such physiological state. Based on recent evidences, I speculate on the idea that certain structural features of the PG may facilitate attenuation of intracellular growth. Lastly, I discuss recent findings in endosymbionts supporting a cooperation between host and bacterial enzymes to assemble a mature PG. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7154730 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71547302020-04-15 Building peptidoglycan inside eukaryotic cells: A view from symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria García‐del Portillo, Francisco Mol Microbiol Cell Wall The peptidoglycan (PG), as the exoskeleton of most prokaryotes, maintains a defined shape and ensures cell integrity against the high internal turgor pressure. These important roles have attracted researchers to target PG metabolism in order to control bacterial infections. Most studies, however, have been performed in bacteria grown under laboratory conditions, leading to only a partial view on how the PG is synthetized in natural environments. As a case in point, PG metabolism and its regulation remain poorly understood in symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria living inside eukaryotic cells. This review focuses on the PG metabolism of intracellular bacteria, emphasizing the necessity of more in vivo studies involving the analysis of enzymes produced in the intracellular niche and the isolation of PG from bacteria residing within eukaryotic cells. The review also points to persistent infections caused by some intracellular bacterial pathogens and the extent at which the PG could contribute to establish such physiological state. Based on recent evidences, I speculate on the idea that certain structural features of the PG may facilitate attenuation of intracellular growth. Lastly, I discuss recent findings in endosymbionts supporting a cooperation between host and bacterial enzymes to assemble a mature PG. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-03-17 2020-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7154730/ /pubmed/32185832 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mmi.14452 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Molecular Microbiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Cell Wall García‐del Portillo, Francisco Building peptidoglycan inside eukaryotic cells: A view from symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria |
title | Building peptidoglycan inside eukaryotic cells: A view from symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria |
title_full | Building peptidoglycan inside eukaryotic cells: A view from symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria |
title_fullStr | Building peptidoglycan inside eukaryotic cells: A view from symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria |
title_full_unstemmed | Building peptidoglycan inside eukaryotic cells: A view from symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria |
title_short | Building peptidoglycan inside eukaryotic cells: A view from symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria |
title_sort | building peptidoglycan inside eukaryotic cells: a view from symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria |
topic | Cell Wall |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7154730/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32185832 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mmi.14452 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT garciadelportillofrancisco buildingpeptidoglycaninsideeukaryoticcellsaviewfromsymbioticandpathogenicbacteria |