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Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Polygalacturonase Gene Family in Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) during Fruit Softening

Polygalacturonase (PG) is an essential hydrolytic enzyme responsible for pectin degradation and thus plays an important role in fruit softening and other cell separation processes. PG protein is encoded by a multigene family, however, the members of PG gene family in kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis)...

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Autores principales: Huang, Wenjun, Chen, Meiyan, Zhao, Tingting, Han, Fei, Zhang, Qi, Liu, Xiaoli, Jiang, Changying, Zhong, Caihong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7154832/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32143507
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030327
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author Huang, Wenjun
Chen, Meiyan
Zhao, Tingting
Han, Fei
Zhang, Qi
Liu, Xiaoli
Jiang, Changying
Zhong, Caihong
author_facet Huang, Wenjun
Chen, Meiyan
Zhao, Tingting
Han, Fei
Zhang, Qi
Liu, Xiaoli
Jiang, Changying
Zhong, Caihong
author_sort Huang, Wenjun
collection PubMed
description Polygalacturonase (PG) is an essential hydrolytic enzyme responsible for pectin degradation and thus plays an important role in fruit softening and other cell separation processes. PG protein is encoded by a multigene family, however, the members of PG gene family in kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) have not been extensively identified. In this study, a total of 51 AcPG genes in kiwifruit genome were identified. They are phylogenetically clustered into seven clades, and of them AcPG4 and AcPG18 with other known PG genes involved in fruit softening from peach, pear, papaya and melon form a small cluster together. The members of kiwifruit PG gene family consist of three to nine exons and two to eight introns, and their exon/intron structures are generally conserved in all clades except the clade D and E. During fruit softening of kiwifruit ‘Donghong’ under ambient temperature, cell wall modifying enzymes, including PG, PL (pectate and pectin lyases), and PE (pectinesterase, also known as pectin methylesterase, PME) showed a different activity profile, and of them, PG and PE activities largely correlated with the change of pectin content and firmness. Moreover, only 11 AcPG genes were highly or moderately expressed in softening fruit, and of which three AcPG genes (AcPG4, AcPG18, and AcPG8, especially the former two) has been found to strongly correlate with the profile of PG activity and pectin content, as well as fruit firmness, suggesting that they maybe play an important role in fruit softening. Thus, our findings not only benefit the functional characterization of kiwifruit PG genes, but also provide a subset of potential PG candidate genes for further genetic manipulation.
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spelling pubmed-71548322020-04-21 Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Polygalacturonase Gene Family in Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) during Fruit Softening Huang, Wenjun Chen, Meiyan Zhao, Tingting Han, Fei Zhang, Qi Liu, Xiaoli Jiang, Changying Zhong, Caihong Plants (Basel) Article Polygalacturonase (PG) is an essential hydrolytic enzyme responsible for pectin degradation and thus plays an important role in fruit softening and other cell separation processes. PG protein is encoded by a multigene family, however, the members of PG gene family in kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) have not been extensively identified. In this study, a total of 51 AcPG genes in kiwifruit genome were identified. They are phylogenetically clustered into seven clades, and of them AcPG4 and AcPG18 with other known PG genes involved in fruit softening from peach, pear, papaya and melon form a small cluster together. The members of kiwifruit PG gene family consist of three to nine exons and two to eight introns, and their exon/intron structures are generally conserved in all clades except the clade D and E. During fruit softening of kiwifruit ‘Donghong’ under ambient temperature, cell wall modifying enzymes, including PG, PL (pectate and pectin lyases), and PE (pectinesterase, also known as pectin methylesterase, PME) showed a different activity profile, and of them, PG and PE activities largely correlated with the change of pectin content and firmness. Moreover, only 11 AcPG genes were highly or moderately expressed in softening fruit, and of which three AcPG genes (AcPG4, AcPG18, and AcPG8, especially the former two) has been found to strongly correlate with the profile of PG activity and pectin content, as well as fruit firmness, suggesting that they maybe play an important role in fruit softening. Thus, our findings not only benefit the functional characterization of kiwifruit PG genes, but also provide a subset of potential PG candidate genes for further genetic manipulation. MDPI 2020-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7154832/ /pubmed/32143507 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030327 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Huang, Wenjun
Chen, Meiyan
Zhao, Tingting
Han, Fei
Zhang, Qi
Liu, Xiaoli
Jiang, Changying
Zhong, Caihong
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Polygalacturonase Gene Family in Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) during Fruit Softening
title Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Polygalacturonase Gene Family in Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) during Fruit Softening
title_full Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Polygalacturonase Gene Family in Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) during Fruit Softening
title_fullStr Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Polygalacturonase Gene Family in Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) during Fruit Softening
title_full_unstemmed Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Polygalacturonase Gene Family in Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) during Fruit Softening
title_short Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Polygalacturonase Gene Family in Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) during Fruit Softening
title_sort genome-wide identification and expression analysis of polygalacturonase gene family in kiwifruit (actinidia chinensis) during fruit softening
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7154832/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32143507
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030327
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