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The Classification of Causes of Historical Mortality (CCHM): A proposal of the study of death records

OBJECTIVE: To compare and contrast the Classification of Causes of Historical Mortality (CCHM) with the International Classification of Diseases 4(th) Revision (ICD-4) as methodological elements that can be implemented in historical mortality studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a longitudin...

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Autores principales: Sáinz-Otero, Ana-María, Marín-Paz, Antonio-Jesús, Almenara-Barrios, José
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7156050/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32287285
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231311
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author Sáinz-Otero, Ana-María
Marín-Paz, Antonio-Jesús
Almenara-Barrios, José
author_facet Sáinz-Otero, Ana-María
Marín-Paz, Antonio-Jesús
Almenara-Barrios, José
author_sort Sáinz-Otero, Ana-María
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: To compare and contrast the Classification of Causes of Historical Mortality (CCHM) with the International Classification of Diseases 4(th) Revision (ICD-4) as methodological elements that can be implemented in historical mortality studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal descriptive study of the causes of death in two different localities in Spain, namely, Cadiz and Vejer de la Frontera (1900–1950), to compare the International Classification of Diseases 4(th) Revision (ICD-4) and the Classification of Causes of Historical Mortality (CCHM). This study proposes the CCHM and its use in statistical analyses of mortality, especially from the mid-19(th) century to the second half of 20(th) century. It is a methodological instrument based on the theoretical precepts of Thomas McKeown, expanded through knowledge gained in studies of historical mortality and contrasted with editions of the ICD. RESULTS: The results showed several differences between the ICD-4 and the CCHM. The ten main causes of death (CoDs) in the CCHM account for 74.3% in Cadiz, compared to 56.6% accounted for by the ICD-4. According to the ICD-4, the number of infectious CoDs exceed the number of noninfectious ones in Cadiz every year. On the other hand, based on the CCHM, we observed that while infectious CoD causes of death predominated over noninfectious ones, there was a change in trend, with noninfectious CoDs predominating the following year. During the interval from 1915 to 1937 in Vejer de la Frontera, there were 12 deaths due to ill-specified causes (ICD-4: 18.200) and 0 due to ill-defined causes (CCHM: 3.0.0.0). CONCLUSIONS: The CCHM accurately determines the differences between infectious and noninfectious causes of death and explains sociodemographic and health-related aspects in the population and its use in employment, illegitimacy or place-of-death studies. Moreover, it has more advantages, such as the incorporation of new diagnostic expressions, and it can be constantly updated, thus facilitating its use over long periods of time.
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spelling pubmed-71560502020-04-16 The Classification of Causes of Historical Mortality (CCHM): A proposal of the study of death records Sáinz-Otero, Ana-María Marín-Paz, Antonio-Jesús Almenara-Barrios, José PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVE: To compare and contrast the Classification of Causes of Historical Mortality (CCHM) with the International Classification of Diseases 4(th) Revision (ICD-4) as methodological elements that can be implemented in historical mortality studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal descriptive study of the causes of death in two different localities in Spain, namely, Cadiz and Vejer de la Frontera (1900–1950), to compare the International Classification of Diseases 4(th) Revision (ICD-4) and the Classification of Causes of Historical Mortality (CCHM). This study proposes the CCHM and its use in statistical analyses of mortality, especially from the mid-19(th) century to the second half of 20(th) century. It is a methodological instrument based on the theoretical precepts of Thomas McKeown, expanded through knowledge gained in studies of historical mortality and contrasted with editions of the ICD. RESULTS: The results showed several differences between the ICD-4 and the CCHM. The ten main causes of death (CoDs) in the CCHM account for 74.3% in Cadiz, compared to 56.6% accounted for by the ICD-4. According to the ICD-4, the number of infectious CoDs exceed the number of noninfectious ones in Cadiz every year. On the other hand, based on the CCHM, we observed that while infectious CoD causes of death predominated over noninfectious ones, there was a change in trend, with noninfectious CoDs predominating the following year. During the interval from 1915 to 1937 in Vejer de la Frontera, there were 12 deaths due to ill-specified causes (ICD-4: 18.200) and 0 due to ill-defined causes (CCHM: 3.0.0.0). CONCLUSIONS: The CCHM accurately determines the differences between infectious and noninfectious causes of death and explains sociodemographic and health-related aspects in the population and its use in employment, illegitimacy or place-of-death studies. Moreover, it has more advantages, such as the incorporation of new diagnostic expressions, and it can be constantly updated, thus facilitating its use over long periods of time. Public Library of Science 2020-04-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7156050/ /pubmed/32287285 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231311 Text en © 2020 Sáinz-Otero et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Sáinz-Otero, Ana-María
Marín-Paz, Antonio-Jesús
Almenara-Barrios, José
The Classification of Causes of Historical Mortality (CCHM): A proposal of the study of death records
title The Classification of Causes of Historical Mortality (CCHM): A proposal of the study of death records
title_full The Classification of Causes of Historical Mortality (CCHM): A proposal of the study of death records
title_fullStr The Classification of Causes of Historical Mortality (CCHM): A proposal of the study of death records
title_full_unstemmed The Classification of Causes of Historical Mortality (CCHM): A proposal of the study of death records
title_short The Classification of Causes of Historical Mortality (CCHM): A proposal of the study of death records
title_sort classification of causes of historical mortality (cchm): a proposal of the study of death records
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7156050/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32287285
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231311
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