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Psychiatric Disorders Among Older Black Americans: Within- and Between-Group Differences
Psychiatric disorders impose significant personal, social, and financial costs for individuals, families, and the nation. Despite a large amount of research and several journals focused on psychiatric conditions, there is a paucity of research on psychiatric disorders among Black Americans (i.e., Af...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7156931/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32313842 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa007 |
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author | Taylor, Robert Joseph Chatters, Linda M |
author_facet | Taylor, Robert Joseph Chatters, Linda M |
author_sort | Taylor, Robert Joseph |
collection | PubMed |
description | Psychiatric disorders impose significant personal, social, and financial costs for individuals, families, and the nation. Despite a large amount of research and several journals focused on psychiatric conditions, there is a paucity of research on psychiatric disorders among Black Americans (i.e., African Americans and Black Caribbeans), particularly older Black Americans. The present literature review examines research on psychiatric disorders among older Black Americans and provides a broad overview of research findings that are based on nationally representative studies. Collectively, this research finds: (1) older African Americans have lower rates of psychiatric disorders than younger African Americans; (2) family support is not protective of psychiatric disorders, whereas negative interaction with family members is a risk factor; (3) everyday discrimination is a risk factor for psychiatric disorders; (4) both older African Americans and African American across the adult age range have lower prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders than non-Latino whites; (5) Black Caribbean men have particularly high rates of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and suicide attempts; and (6) a significant proportion of African American older adults with mental health disorders do not receive professional help. This literature review also discusses the “Race Paradox” in mental health, the Environmental Affordances Model, and the importance of investigating ethnicity differences among Black Americans. Future research directions address issues that are directly relevant to the Black American population and include the following: (1) understanding the impact of mass incarceration on the psychiatric disorders of prisoners’ family members, (2) assessing the impact of immigration from African countries for ethnic diversity within the Black American population, (3) examining the impact of racial identity and racial socialization as potential protective factors for psychiatric morbidities, and (4) assessing racial diversity in life-course events and their impact on mental health. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7156931 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71569312020-04-20 Psychiatric Disorders Among Older Black Americans: Within- and Between-Group Differences Taylor, Robert Joseph Chatters, Linda M Innov Aging GSA’s 75th Anniversary Psychiatric disorders impose significant personal, social, and financial costs for individuals, families, and the nation. Despite a large amount of research and several journals focused on psychiatric conditions, there is a paucity of research on psychiatric disorders among Black Americans (i.e., African Americans and Black Caribbeans), particularly older Black Americans. The present literature review examines research on psychiatric disorders among older Black Americans and provides a broad overview of research findings that are based on nationally representative studies. Collectively, this research finds: (1) older African Americans have lower rates of psychiatric disorders than younger African Americans; (2) family support is not protective of psychiatric disorders, whereas negative interaction with family members is a risk factor; (3) everyday discrimination is a risk factor for psychiatric disorders; (4) both older African Americans and African American across the adult age range have lower prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders than non-Latino whites; (5) Black Caribbean men have particularly high rates of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and suicide attempts; and (6) a significant proportion of African American older adults with mental health disorders do not receive professional help. This literature review also discusses the “Race Paradox” in mental health, the Environmental Affordances Model, and the importance of investigating ethnicity differences among Black Americans. Future research directions address issues that are directly relevant to the Black American population and include the following: (1) understanding the impact of mass incarceration on the psychiatric disorders of prisoners’ family members, (2) assessing the impact of immigration from African countries for ethnic diversity within the Black American population, (3) examining the impact of racial identity and racial socialization as potential protective factors for psychiatric morbidities, and (4) assessing racial diversity in life-course events and their impact on mental health. Oxford University Press 2020-04-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7156931/ /pubmed/32313842 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa007 Text en © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | GSA’s 75th Anniversary Taylor, Robert Joseph Chatters, Linda M Psychiatric Disorders Among Older Black Americans: Within- and Between-Group Differences |
title | Psychiatric Disorders Among Older Black Americans: Within- and Between-Group Differences |
title_full | Psychiatric Disorders Among Older Black Americans: Within- and Between-Group Differences |
title_fullStr | Psychiatric Disorders Among Older Black Americans: Within- and Between-Group Differences |
title_full_unstemmed | Psychiatric Disorders Among Older Black Americans: Within- and Between-Group Differences |
title_short | Psychiatric Disorders Among Older Black Americans: Within- and Between-Group Differences |
title_sort | psychiatric disorders among older black americans: within- and between-group differences |
topic | GSA’s 75th Anniversary |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7156931/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32313842 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa007 |
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