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Revisiting the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) phylogeny in Himalaya: Addressing taxonomy, spatial extent and distribution of an ancient lineage in Asia

Of the sub-species of Holarctic wolf, the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) is uniquely adapted to atmospheric hypoxia and widely distributed across the Himalaya, Qinghai Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and Mongolia. Taxonomic ambiguity still exists for this sub-species because of complex evolutionary history...

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Autores principales: Joshi, BheemDutt, Lyngdoh, Salvador, Singh, Sujeet Kumar, Sharma, Reeta, Kumar, Vinay, Tiwari, Ved Prakash, Dar, S. A., Maheswari, Aishwarya, Pal, Ranjana, Bashir, Tawqir, Reshamwala, Hussain Saifee, Shrotriya, Shivam, Sathyakumar, S., Habib, Bilal, Kvist, Laura, Goyal, Surendra Prakash
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7162449/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32298359
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231621
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author Joshi, BheemDutt
Lyngdoh, Salvador
Singh, Sujeet Kumar
Sharma, Reeta
Kumar, Vinay
Tiwari, Ved Prakash
Dar, S. A.
Maheswari, Aishwarya
Pal, Ranjana
Bashir, Tawqir
Reshamwala, Hussain Saifee
Shrotriya, Shivam
Sathyakumar, S.
Habib, Bilal
Kvist, Laura
Goyal, Surendra Prakash
author_facet Joshi, BheemDutt
Lyngdoh, Salvador
Singh, Sujeet Kumar
Sharma, Reeta
Kumar, Vinay
Tiwari, Ved Prakash
Dar, S. A.
Maheswari, Aishwarya
Pal, Ranjana
Bashir, Tawqir
Reshamwala, Hussain Saifee
Shrotriya, Shivam
Sathyakumar, S.
Habib, Bilal
Kvist, Laura
Goyal, Surendra Prakash
author_sort Joshi, BheemDutt
collection PubMed
description Of the sub-species of Holarctic wolf, the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) is uniquely adapted to atmospheric hypoxia and widely distributed across the Himalaya, Qinghai Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and Mongolia. Taxonomic ambiguity still exists for this sub-species because of complex evolutionary history anduse of limited wild samples across its range in Himalaya. We document for the first time population genetic structure and taxonomic affinity of the wolves across western and eastern Himalayan regions from samples collected from the wild (n = 19) using mitochondrial control region (225bp). We found two haplotypes in our data, one widely distributed in the Himalaya that was shared with QTP and the other confined to Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand in the western Himalaya, India. After combining our data withpublished sequences (n = 83), we observed 15 haplotypes. Some of these were shared among different locations from India to QTP and a few were private to geographic locations. A phylogenetic tree indicated that Woolly wolves from India, Nepal, QTP and Mongolia are basal to other wolves with shallow divergence (K2P; 0.000–0.044) and high bootstrap values. Demographic analyses based on mismatch distribution and Bayesian skyline plots (BSP) suggested a stable population over a long time (~million years) with signs of recent declines. Regional dominance of private haplotypes across its distribution range may indicate allopatric divergence. This may be due to differences in habitat characteristics, availability of different wild prey species and differential deglaciation within the range of the Woolly wolf during historic time. Presence of basal and shallow divergence within-clade along with unique ecological requirements and adaptation to hypoxia, the Woolly wolf of Himalaya, QTP, and Mongolian regions may be considered as a distinct an Evolutionary Significant Unit (ESU). Identifying management units (MUs) is needed within its distribution range using harmonized multiple genetic data for effective conservation planning.
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spelling pubmed-71624492020-04-21 Revisiting the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) phylogeny in Himalaya: Addressing taxonomy, spatial extent and distribution of an ancient lineage in Asia Joshi, BheemDutt Lyngdoh, Salvador Singh, Sujeet Kumar Sharma, Reeta Kumar, Vinay Tiwari, Ved Prakash Dar, S. A. Maheswari, Aishwarya Pal, Ranjana Bashir, Tawqir Reshamwala, Hussain Saifee Shrotriya, Shivam Sathyakumar, S. Habib, Bilal Kvist, Laura Goyal, Surendra Prakash PLoS One Research Article Of the sub-species of Holarctic wolf, the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) is uniquely adapted to atmospheric hypoxia and widely distributed across the Himalaya, Qinghai Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and Mongolia. Taxonomic ambiguity still exists for this sub-species because of complex evolutionary history anduse of limited wild samples across its range in Himalaya. We document for the first time population genetic structure and taxonomic affinity of the wolves across western and eastern Himalayan regions from samples collected from the wild (n = 19) using mitochondrial control region (225bp). We found two haplotypes in our data, one widely distributed in the Himalaya that was shared with QTP and the other confined to Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand in the western Himalaya, India. After combining our data withpublished sequences (n = 83), we observed 15 haplotypes. Some of these were shared among different locations from India to QTP and a few were private to geographic locations. A phylogenetic tree indicated that Woolly wolves from India, Nepal, QTP and Mongolia are basal to other wolves with shallow divergence (K2P; 0.000–0.044) and high bootstrap values. Demographic analyses based on mismatch distribution and Bayesian skyline plots (BSP) suggested a stable population over a long time (~million years) with signs of recent declines. Regional dominance of private haplotypes across its distribution range may indicate allopatric divergence. This may be due to differences in habitat characteristics, availability of different wild prey species and differential deglaciation within the range of the Woolly wolf during historic time. Presence of basal and shallow divergence within-clade along with unique ecological requirements and adaptation to hypoxia, the Woolly wolf of Himalaya, QTP, and Mongolian regions may be considered as a distinct an Evolutionary Significant Unit (ESU). Identifying management units (MUs) is needed within its distribution range using harmonized multiple genetic data for effective conservation planning. Public Library of Science 2020-04-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7162449/ /pubmed/32298359 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231621 Text en © 2020 Joshi et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Joshi, BheemDutt
Lyngdoh, Salvador
Singh, Sujeet Kumar
Sharma, Reeta
Kumar, Vinay
Tiwari, Ved Prakash
Dar, S. A.
Maheswari, Aishwarya
Pal, Ranjana
Bashir, Tawqir
Reshamwala, Hussain Saifee
Shrotriya, Shivam
Sathyakumar, S.
Habib, Bilal
Kvist, Laura
Goyal, Surendra Prakash
Revisiting the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) phylogeny in Himalaya: Addressing taxonomy, spatial extent and distribution of an ancient lineage in Asia
title Revisiting the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) phylogeny in Himalaya: Addressing taxonomy, spatial extent and distribution of an ancient lineage in Asia
title_full Revisiting the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) phylogeny in Himalaya: Addressing taxonomy, spatial extent and distribution of an ancient lineage in Asia
title_fullStr Revisiting the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) phylogeny in Himalaya: Addressing taxonomy, spatial extent and distribution of an ancient lineage in Asia
title_full_unstemmed Revisiting the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) phylogeny in Himalaya: Addressing taxonomy, spatial extent and distribution of an ancient lineage in Asia
title_short Revisiting the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) phylogeny in Himalaya: Addressing taxonomy, spatial extent and distribution of an ancient lineage in Asia
title_sort revisiting the woolly wolf (canis lupus chanco) phylogeny in himalaya: addressing taxonomy, spatial extent and distribution of an ancient lineage in asia
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7162449/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32298359
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231621
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