A case of Henoch-Schönlein purpura associated with scrub typhus

BACKGROUND: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) may be caused by several allergens. However, to date, HSP caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi has not been reported. Here, we report an unusual rash with features of HSP caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. CASE PRESENTATION: A man visited a tertiary hospital with bilateral symmetrical purpura and fever. He presented with an eschar in the left popliteal fossa and proteinuria. He was diagnosed with tsutsugamushi disease by indirect fluorescent antibody and positive polymerase chain reaction tests. Purpura biopsy demonstrated a feature of leukocytoclastic vasculitis and IgA deposition in dermal vessels, indicative of HSP. CONCLUSIONS: When examining patients with unique rashes, such as in this case, we suggest investigating out-door activities and evidence of mite bites. Furthermore, differential diagnosis of tsutsugamushi disease should be considered when necessary.