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Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts

Cataracts, one of the leading causes of preventable blindness worldwide, refers to lens degradation that is characterized by clouding, with consequent blurry vision. As life expectancies improve, the number of people affected with cataracts is predicted to increase worldwide, especially in low-incom...

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Autores principales: Heruye, Segewkal H., Maffofou Nkenyi, Leonce N., Singh, Neetu U., Yalzadeh, Dariush, Ngele, Kalu K., Njie-Mbye, Ya-Fatou, Ohia, Sunny E., Opere, Catherine A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7168925/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31963166
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph13010015
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author Heruye, Segewkal H.
Maffofou Nkenyi, Leonce N.
Singh, Neetu U.
Yalzadeh, Dariush
Ngele, Kalu K.
Njie-Mbye, Ya-Fatou
Ohia, Sunny E.
Opere, Catherine A.
author_facet Heruye, Segewkal H.
Maffofou Nkenyi, Leonce N.
Singh, Neetu U.
Yalzadeh, Dariush
Ngele, Kalu K.
Njie-Mbye, Ya-Fatou
Ohia, Sunny E.
Opere, Catherine A.
author_sort Heruye, Segewkal H.
collection PubMed
description Cataracts, one of the leading causes of preventable blindness worldwide, refers to lens degradation that is characterized by clouding, with consequent blurry vision. As life expectancies improve, the number of people affected with cataracts is predicted to increase worldwide, especially in low-income nations with limited access to surgery. Although cataract surgery is considered safe, it is associated with some complications such as retinal detachment, warranting a search for cheap, pharmacological alternatives to the management of this ocular disease. The lens is richly endowed with a complex system of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants which scavenge reactive oxygen species to preserve lens proteins. Depletion and/or failure in this primary antioxidant defense system contributes to the damage observed in lenticular molecules and their repair mechanisms, ultimately causing cataracts. Several attempts have been made to counteract experimentally induced cataract using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo techniques. The majority of the anti-cataract compounds tested, including plant extracts and naturally-occurring compounds, lies in their antioxidant and/or free radical scavenging and/or anti-inflammatory propensity. In addition to providing an overview of the pathophysiology of cataracts, this review focuses on the role of various categories of natural and synthetic compounds on experimentally-induced cataracts.
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spelling pubmed-71689252020-04-20 Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts Heruye, Segewkal H. Maffofou Nkenyi, Leonce N. Singh, Neetu U. Yalzadeh, Dariush Ngele, Kalu K. Njie-Mbye, Ya-Fatou Ohia, Sunny E. Opere, Catherine A. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) Review Cataracts, one of the leading causes of preventable blindness worldwide, refers to lens degradation that is characterized by clouding, with consequent blurry vision. As life expectancies improve, the number of people affected with cataracts is predicted to increase worldwide, especially in low-income nations with limited access to surgery. Although cataract surgery is considered safe, it is associated with some complications such as retinal detachment, warranting a search for cheap, pharmacological alternatives to the management of this ocular disease. The lens is richly endowed with a complex system of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants which scavenge reactive oxygen species to preserve lens proteins. Depletion and/or failure in this primary antioxidant defense system contributes to the damage observed in lenticular molecules and their repair mechanisms, ultimately causing cataracts. Several attempts have been made to counteract experimentally induced cataract using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo techniques. The majority of the anti-cataract compounds tested, including plant extracts and naturally-occurring compounds, lies in their antioxidant and/or free radical scavenging and/or anti-inflammatory propensity. In addition to providing an overview of the pathophysiology of cataracts, this review focuses on the role of various categories of natural and synthetic compounds on experimentally-induced cataracts. MDPI 2020-01-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7168925/ /pubmed/31963166 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph13010015 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Heruye, Segewkal H.
Maffofou Nkenyi, Leonce N.
Singh, Neetu U.
Yalzadeh, Dariush
Ngele, Kalu K.
Njie-Mbye, Ya-Fatou
Ohia, Sunny E.
Opere, Catherine A.
Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts
title Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts
title_full Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts
title_fullStr Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts
title_full_unstemmed Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts
title_short Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts
title_sort current trends in the pharmacotherapy of cataracts
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7168925/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31963166
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph13010015
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