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Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with COVID-19: Consequences of Viral Toxicities and Host Immune Response

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. While cardiac injury has been demonstrated in critically ill COVID-19 patients, the mechanism of injury remains unclear. Here, we review our current knowledge of the biology of SARS...

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Autores principales: Zhu, Han, Rhee, June-Wha, Cheng, Paul, Waliany, Sarah, Chang, Amy, Witteles, Ronald M., Maecker, Holden, Davis, Mark M., Nguyen, Patricia K., Wu, Sean M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7171437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32318865
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11886-020-01292-3
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author Zhu, Han
Rhee, June-Wha
Cheng, Paul
Waliany, Sarah
Chang, Amy
Witteles, Ronald M.
Maecker, Holden
Davis, Mark M.
Nguyen, Patricia K.
Wu, Sean M.
author_facet Zhu, Han
Rhee, June-Wha
Cheng, Paul
Waliany, Sarah
Chang, Amy
Witteles, Ronald M.
Maecker, Holden
Davis, Mark M.
Nguyen, Patricia K.
Wu, Sean M.
author_sort Zhu, Han
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. While cardiac injury has been demonstrated in critically ill COVID-19 patients, the mechanism of injury remains unclear. Here, we review our current knowledge of the biology of SARS-CoV-2 and the potential mechanisms of myocardial injury due to viral toxicities and host immune responses. RECENT FINDINGS: A number of studies have reported an epidemiological association between history of cardiac disease and worsened outcome during COVID infection. Development of new onset myocardial injury during COVID-19 also increases mortality. While limited data exist, potential mechanisms of cardiac injury include direct viral entry through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and toxicity in host cells, hypoxia-related myocyte injury, and immune-mediated cytokine release syndrome. Potential treatments for reducing viral infection and excessive immune responses are also discussed. SUMMARY: COVID patients with cardiac disease history or acquire new cardiac injury are at an increased risk for in-hospital morbidity and mortality. More studies are needed to address the mechanism of cardiotoxicity and the treatments that can minimize permanent damage to the cardiovascular system.
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spelling pubmed-71714372020-04-21 Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with COVID-19: Consequences of Viral Toxicities and Host Immune Response Zhu, Han Rhee, June-Wha Cheng, Paul Waliany, Sarah Chang, Amy Witteles, Ronald M. Maecker, Holden Davis, Mark M. Nguyen, Patricia K. Wu, Sean M. Curr Cardiol Rep Hot Topic PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. While cardiac injury has been demonstrated in critically ill COVID-19 patients, the mechanism of injury remains unclear. Here, we review our current knowledge of the biology of SARS-CoV-2 and the potential mechanisms of myocardial injury due to viral toxicities and host immune responses. RECENT FINDINGS: A number of studies have reported an epidemiological association between history of cardiac disease and worsened outcome during COVID infection. Development of new onset myocardial injury during COVID-19 also increases mortality. While limited data exist, potential mechanisms of cardiac injury include direct viral entry through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and toxicity in host cells, hypoxia-related myocyte injury, and immune-mediated cytokine release syndrome. Potential treatments for reducing viral infection and excessive immune responses are also discussed. SUMMARY: COVID patients with cardiac disease history or acquire new cardiac injury are at an increased risk for in-hospital morbidity and mortality. More studies are needed to address the mechanism of cardiotoxicity and the treatments that can minimize permanent damage to the cardiovascular system. Springer US 2020-04-21 2020 /pmc/articles/PMC7171437/ /pubmed/32318865 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11886-020-01292-3 Text en © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Hot Topic
Zhu, Han
Rhee, June-Wha
Cheng, Paul
Waliany, Sarah
Chang, Amy
Witteles, Ronald M.
Maecker, Holden
Davis, Mark M.
Nguyen, Patricia K.
Wu, Sean M.
Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with COVID-19: Consequences of Viral Toxicities and Host Immune Response
title Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with COVID-19: Consequences of Viral Toxicities and Host Immune Response
title_full Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with COVID-19: Consequences of Viral Toxicities and Host Immune Response
title_fullStr Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with COVID-19: Consequences of Viral Toxicities and Host Immune Response
title_full_unstemmed Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with COVID-19: Consequences of Viral Toxicities and Host Immune Response
title_short Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with COVID-19: Consequences of Viral Toxicities and Host Immune Response
title_sort cardiovascular complications in patients with covid-19: consequences of viral toxicities and host immune response
topic Hot Topic
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7171437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32318865
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11886-020-01292-3
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