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Disentangling the mechanisms shaping the surface ocean microbiota

BACKGROUND: The ocean microbiota modulates global biogeochemical cycles and changes in its configuration may have large-scale consequences. Yet, the underlying ecological mechanisms structuring it are unclear. Here, we investigate how fundamental ecological mechanisms (selection, dispersal and ecolo...

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Autores principales: Logares, Ramiro, Deutschmann, Ina M., Junger, Pedro C., Giner, Caterina R., Krabberød, Anders K., Schmidt, Thomas S. B., Rubinat-Ripoll, Laura, Mestre, Mireia, Salazar, Guillem, Ruiz-González, Clara, Sebastián, Marta, de Vargas, Colomban, Acinas, Silvia G., Duarte, Carlos M., Gasol, Josep M., Massana, Ramon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7171866/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32312331
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00827-8
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author Logares, Ramiro
Deutschmann, Ina M.
Junger, Pedro C.
Giner, Caterina R.
Krabberød, Anders K.
Schmidt, Thomas S. B.
Rubinat-Ripoll, Laura
Mestre, Mireia
Salazar, Guillem
Ruiz-González, Clara
Sebastián, Marta
de Vargas, Colomban
Acinas, Silvia G.
Duarte, Carlos M.
Gasol, Josep M.
Massana, Ramon
author_facet Logares, Ramiro
Deutschmann, Ina M.
Junger, Pedro C.
Giner, Caterina R.
Krabberød, Anders K.
Schmidt, Thomas S. B.
Rubinat-Ripoll, Laura
Mestre, Mireia
Salazar, Guillem
Ruiz-González, Clara
Sebastián, Marta
de Vargas, Colomban
Acinas, Silvia G.
Duarte, Carlos M.
Gasol, Josep M.
Massana, Ramon
author_sort Logares, Ramiro
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The ocean microbiota modulates global biogeochemical cycles and changes in its configuration may have large-scale consequences. Yet, the underlying ecological mechanisms structuring it are unclear. Here, we investigate how fundamental ecological mechanisms (selection, dispersal and ecological drift) shape the smallest members of the tropical and subtropical surface-ocean microbiota: prokaryotes and minute eukaryotes (picoeukaryotes). Furthermore, we investigate the agents exerting abiotic selection on this assemblage as well as the spatial patterns emerging from the action of ecological mechanisms. To explore this, we analysed the composition of surface-ocean prokaryotic and picoeukaryotic communities using DNA-sequence data (16S- and 18S-rRNA genes) collected during the circumglobal expeditions Malaspina-2010 and TARA-Oceans. RESULTS: We found that the two main components of the tropical and subtropical surface-ocean microbiota, prokaryotes and picoeukaryotes, appear to be structured by different ecological mechanisms. Picoeukaryotic communities were predominantly structured by dispersal-limitation, while prokaryotic counterparts appeared to be shaped by the combined action of dispersal-limitation, selection and drift. Temperature-driven selection appeared as a major factor, out of a few selected factors, influencing species co-occurrence networks in prokaryotes but not in picoeukaryotes, indicating that association patterns may contribute to understand ocean microbiota structure and response to selection. Other measured abiotic variables seemed to have limited selective effects on community structure in the tropical and subtropical ocean. Picoeukaryotes displayed a higher spatial differentiation between communities and a higher distance decay when compared to prokaryotes, consistent with a scenario of higher dispersal limitation in the former after considering environmental heterogeneity. Lastly, random dynamics or drift seemed to have a more important role in structuring prokaryotic communities than picoeukaryotic counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: The differential action of ecological mechanisms seems to cause contrasting biogeography, in the tropical and subtropical ocean, among the smallest surface plankton, prokaryotes and picoeukaryotes. This suggests that the idiosyncrasy of the main constituents of the ocean microbiota should be considered in order to understand its current and future configuration, which is especially relevant in a context of global change, where the reaction of surface ocean plankton to temperature increase is still unclear.
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spelling pubmed-71718662020-04-24 Disentangling the mechanisms shaping the surface ocean microbiota Logares, Ramiro Deutschmann, Ina M. Junger, Pedro C. Giner, Caterina R. Krabberød, Anders K. Schmidt, Thomas S. B. Rubinat-Ripoll, Laura Mestre, Mireia Salazar, Guillem Ruiz-González, Clara Sebastián, Marta de Vargas, Colomban Acinas, Silvia G. Duarte, Carlos M. Gasol, Josep M. Massana, Ramon Microbiome Research BACKGROUND: The ocean microbiota modulates global biogeochemical cycles and changes in its configuration may have large-scale consequences. Yet, the underlying ecological mechanisms structuring it are unclear. Here, we investigate how fundamental ecological mechanisms (selection, dispersal and ecological drift) shape the smallest members of the tropical and subtropical surface-ocean microbiota: prokaryotes and minute eukaryotes (picoeukaryotes). Furthermore, we investigate the agents exerting abiotic selection on this assemblage as well as the spatial patterns emerging from the action of ecological mechanisms. To explore this, we analysed the composition of surface-ocean prokaryotic and picoeukaryotic communities using DNA-sequence data (16S- and 18S-rRNA genes) collected during the circumglobal expeditions Malaspina-2010 and TARA-Oceans. RESULTS: We found that the two main components of the tropical and subtropical surface-ocean microbiota, prokaryotes and picoeukaryotes, appear to be structured by different ecological mechanisms. Picoeukaryotic communities were predominantly structured by dispersal-limitation, while prokaryotic counterparts appeared to be shaped by the combined action of dispersal-limitation, selection and drift. Temperature-driven selection appeared as a major factor, out of a few selected factors, influencing species co-occurrence networks in prokaryotes but not in picoeukaryotes, indicating that association patterns may contribute to understand ocean microbiota structure and response to selection. Other measured abiotic variables seemed to have limited selective effects on community structure in the tropical and subtropical ocean. Picoeukaryotes displayed a higher spatial differentiation between communities and a higher distance decay when compared to prokaryotes, consistent with a scenario of higher dispersal limitation in the former after considering environmental heterogeneity. Lastly, random dynamics or drift seemed to have a more important role in structuring prokaryotic communities than picoeukaryotic counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: The differential action of ecological mechanisms seems to cause contrasting biogeography, in the tropical and subtropical ocean, among the smallest surface plankton, prokaryotes and picoeukaryotes. This suggests that the idiosyncrasy of the main constituents of the ocean microbiota should be considered in order to understand its current and future configuration, which is especially relevant in a context of global change, where the reaction of surface ocean plankton to temperature increase is still unclear. BioMed Central 2020-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7171866/ /pubmed/32312331 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00827-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Logares, Ramiro
Deutschmann, Ina M.
Junger, Pedro C.
Giner, Caterina R.
Krabberød, Anders K.
Schmidt, Thomas S. B.
Rubinat-Ripoll, Laura
Mestre, Mireia
Salazar, Guillem
Ruiz-González, Clara
Sebastián, Marta
de Vargas, Colomban
Acinas, Silvia G.
Duarte, Carlos M.
Gasol, Josep M.
Massana, Ramon
Disentangling the mechanisms shaping the surface ocean microbiota
title Disentangling the mechanisms shaping the surface ocean microbiota
title_full Disentangling the mechanisms shaping the surface ocean microbiota
title_fullStr Disentangling the mechanisms shaping the surface ocean microbiota
title_full_unstemmed Disentangling the mechanisms shaping the surface ocean microbiota
title_short Disentangling the mechanisms shaping the surface ocean microbiota
title_sort disentangling the mechanisms shaping the surface ocean microbiota
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7171866/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32312331
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00827-8
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