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Cryptosporidium parvum infection and associated risk factors in dairy calves in western France

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors for Cryptosporidium infection in calf neonates on dairy farms in Normandy. Fecal samples were randomly collected between July 2010 and September 2011 from 968 calves (7–21 days old) on 97 farms. Up to 10 calves were selected and s...

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Autores principales: Delafosse, A., Chartier, C., Dupuy, M.C., Dumoulin, M., Pors, I., Paraud, C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier B.V. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7172863/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25623968
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.01.005
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author Delafosse, A.
Chartier, C.
Dupuy, M.C.
Dumoulin, M.
Pors, I.
Paraud, C.
author_facet Delafosse, A.
Chartier, C.
Dupuy, M.C.
Dumoulin, M.
Pors, I.
Paraud, C.
author_sort Delafosse, A.
collection PubMed
description This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors for Cryptosporidium infection in calf neonates on dairy farms in Normandy. Fecal samples were randomly collected between July 2010 and September 2011 from 968 calves (7–21 days old) on 97 farms. Up to 10 calves were selected and sampled per farm, and feces examined for oocysts by microscopy. C. parvum oocyst shedding was scored semi-quantitatively (0–5). A questionnaire about calf-level care and management was completed, and mortality rates were obtained from the French national registration database (BDNI). Bivariable and multivariable analyses of potential risk factors for C. parvum oocyst shedding were conducted using generalized estimating equation (GEE) models (family = Binomial).Overall, 402 out of 968 calves (41.5%) were positive for oocysts, and 25.1% of animals had a shedding score >2. Seven of the 97 farms (7%) were negative for oocysts in all fecal samples. At the time of collection, 375 calves (39%) had diarrhea, and its prevalence strongly correlated with the score for C. parvum oocyst shedding (p < 0.0001). The mortality rate at 90 days was significantly greater for calves with high combined scores of diarrhea and shedding. Factors associated with the shedding of C. parvum were the Normande breed (odds ratio = 1.49; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93–2.37), dispensing of colostrum using a bucket (odds ratio = 1.37; 95% CI: 1.00–1.89), treatment with halofuginone (odds ratio = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.19–1.15) and feeding with fermented milk (odds ratio = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.17–0.63). C. parvum is widespread among calves under 21 days old in dairy herds of western France. Shedding of C. parvum is associated with a high incidence of diarrhea and increased risk of mortality in young calves. This study identified some associated calf-level factors, although further investigations are necessary to determine appropriate measures that farmers and veterinary practitioners should take to reduce the prevalence of C. parvum.
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spelling pubmed-71728632020-04-22 Cryptosporidium parvum infection and associated risk factors in dairy calves in western France Delafosse, A. Chartier, C. Dupuy, M.C. Dumoulin, M. Pors, I. Paraud, C. Prev Vet Med Article This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors for Cryptosporidium infection in calf neonates on dairy farms in Normandy. Fecal samples were randomly collected between July 2010 and September 2011 from 968 calves (7–21 days old) on 97 farms. Up to 10 calves were selected and sampled per farm, and feces examined for oocysts by microscopy. C. parvum oocyst shedding was scored semi-quantitatively (0–5). A questionnaire about calf-level care and management was completed, and mortality rates were obtained from the French national registration database (BDNI). Bivariable and multivariable analyses of potential risk factors for C. parvum oocyst shedding were conducted using generalized estimating equation (GEE) models (family = Binomial).Overall, 402 out of 968 calves (41.5%) were positive for oocysts, and 25.1% of animals had a shedding score >2. Seven of the 97 farms (7%) were negative for oocysts in all fecal samples. At the time of collection, 375 calves (39%) had diarrhea, and its prevalence strongly correlated with the score for C. parvum oocyst shedding (p < 0.0001). The mortality rate at 90 days was significantly greater for calves with high combined scores of diarrhea and shedding. Factors associated with the shedding of C. parvum were the Normande breed (odds ratio = 1.49; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93–2.37), dispensing of colostrum using a bucket (odds ratio = 1.37; 95% CI: 1.00–1.89), treatment with halofuginone (odds ratio = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.19–1.15) and feeding with fermented milk (odds ratio = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.17–0.63). C. parvum is widespread among calves under 21 days old in dairy herds of western France. Shedding of C. parvum is associated with a high incidence of diarrhea and increased risk of mortality in young calves. This study identified some associated calf-level factors, although further investigations are necessary to determine appropriate measures that farmers and veterinary practitioners should take to reduce the prevalence of C. parvum. Elsevier B.V. 2015-03-01 2015-01-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7172863/ /pubmed/25623968 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.01.005 Text en Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Delafosse, A.
Chartier, C.
Dupuy, M.C.
Dumoulin, M.
Pors, I.
Paraud, C.
Cryptosporidium parvum infection and associated risk factors in dairy calves in western France
title Cryptosporidium parvum infection and associated risk factors in dairy calves in western France
title_full Cryptosporidium parvum infection and associated risk factors in dairy calves in western France
title_fullStr Cryptosporidium parvum infection and associated risk factors in dairy calves in western France
title_full_unstemmed Cryptosporidium parvum infection and associated risk factors in dairy calves in western France
title_short Cryptosporidium parvum infection and associated risk factors in dairy calves in western France
title_sort cryptosporidium parvum infection and associated risk factors in dairy calves in western france
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7172863/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25623968
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.01.005
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