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Immune Responses Regulated by Cannabidiol
Introduction: Cannabidiol (CBD) as Epidiolex(®) (GW Pharmaceuticals) was recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat rare forms of epilepsy in patients 2 years of age and older. Together with the increased societal acceptance of recreational cannabis and CBD oil for put...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7173676/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32322673 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/can.2018.0073 |
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author | Nichols, James M. Kaplan, Barbara L.F. |
author_facet | Nichols, James M. Kaplan, Barbara L.F. |
author_sort | Nichols, James M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Introduction: Cannabidiol (CBD) as Epidiolex(®) (GW Pharmaceuticals) was recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat rare forms of epilepsy in patients 2 years of age and older. Together with the increased societal acceptance of recreational cannabis and CBD oil for putative medical use in many states, the exposure to CBD is increasing, even though all of its biological effects are not understood. Once such example is the ability of CBD to be anti-inflammatory and immune suppressive, so the purpose of this review is to summarize effects and mechanisms of CBD in the immune system. It includes a consideration of reports identifying receptors through which CBD acts, since the “CBD receptor,” if a single one exists, has not been definitively identified for the myriad immune system effects. The review then provides a summary of in vivo and in vitro effects in the immune system, in autoimmune models, with a focus on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and ends with identification of knowledge gaps. Conclusion: Overall, the data overwhelmingly support the notion that CBD is immune suppressive and that the mechanisms involve direct suppression of activation of various immune cell types, induction of apoptosis, and promotion of regulatory cells, which, in turn, control other immune cell targets. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7173676 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71736762020-04-22 Immune Responses Regulated by Cannabidiol Nichols, James M. Kaplan, Barbara L.F. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res Reviews Introduction: Cannabidiol (CBD) as Epidiolex(®) (GW Pharmaceuticals) was recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat rare forms of epilepsy in patients 2 years of age and older. Together with the increased societal acceptance of recreational cannabis and CBD oil for putative medical use in many states, the exposure to CBD is increasing, even though all of its biological effects are not understood. Once such example is the ability of CBD to be anti-inflammatory and immune suppressive, so the purpose of this review is to summarize effects and mechanisms of CBD in the immune system. It includes a consideration of reports identifying receptors through which CBD acts, since the “CBD receptor,” if a single one exists, has not been definitively identified for the myriad immune system effects. The review then provides a summary of in vivo and in vitro effects in the immune system, in autoimmune models, with a focus on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and ends with identification of knowledge gaps. Conclusion: Overall, the data overwhelmingly support the notion that CBD is immune suppressive and that the mechanisms involve direct suppression of activation of various immune cell types, induction of apoptosis, and promotion of regulatory cells, which, in turn, control other immune cell targets. Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2020-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7173676/ /pubmed/32322673 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/can.2018.0073 Text en © James M. Nichols and Barbara L.F. Kaplan 2020; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. This Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are cited. |
spellingShingle | Reviews Nichols, James M. Kaplan, Barbara L.F. Immune Responses Regulated by Cannabidiol |
title | Immune Responses Regulated by Cannabidiol |
title_full | Immune Responses Regulated by Cannabidiol |
title_fullStr | Immune Responses Regulated by Cannabidiol |
title_full_unstemmed | Immune Responses Regulated by Cannabidiol |
title_short | Immune Responses Regulated by Cannabidiol |
title_sort | immune responses regulated by cannabidiol |
topic | Reviews |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7173676/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32322673 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/can.2018.0073 |
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