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Involvement of Metabolic Lipid Mediators in the Regulation of Apoptosis

Apoptosis is the physiological mechanism of cell death and can be modulated by endogenous and exogenous factors, including stress and metabolic alterations. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as ROS-dependent lipid peroxidation products (including isoprostanes and reactive aldehydes including 4-...

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Autores principales: Wójcik, Piotr, Žarković, Neven, Gęgotek, Agnieszka, Skrzydlewska, Elżbieta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7175142/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32150849
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10030402
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author Wójcik, Piotr
Žarković, Neven
Gęgotek, Agnieszka
Skrzydlewska, Elżbieta
author_facet Wójcik, Piotr
Žarković, Neven
Gęgotek, Agnieszka
Skrzydlewska, Elżbieta
author_sort Wójcik, Piotr
collection PubMed
description Apoptosis is the physiological mechanism of cell death and can be modulated by endogenous and exogenous factors, including stress and metabolic alterations. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as ROS-dependent lipid peroxidation products (including isoprostanes and reactive aldehydes including 4-hydroxynonenal) are proapoptotic factors. These mediators can activate apoptosis via mitochondrial-, receptor-, or ER stress-dependent pathways. Phospholipid metabolism is also an essential regulator of apoptosis, producing the proapoptotic prostaglandins of the PGD and PGJ series, as well as the antiapoptotic prostaglandins of the PGE series, but also 12-HETE and 20-HETE. The effect of endocannabinoids and phytocannabinoids on apoptosis depends on cell type-specific differences. Cells where cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) is the dominant cannabinoid receptor, as well as cells with high cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, undergo apoptosis after the administration of cannabinoids. In contrast, in cells where CB2 receptors dominate, and cells with low COX activity, cannabinoids act in a cytoprotective manner. Therefore, cell type-specific differences in the pro- and antiapoptotic effects of lipids and their (oxidative) products might reveal new options for differential bioanalysis between normal, functional, and degenerating or malignant cells, and better integrative biomedical treatments of major stress-associated diseases.
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spelling pubmed-71751422020-04-28 Involvement of Metabolic Lipid Mediators in the Regulation of Apoptosis Wójcik, Piotr Žarković, Neven Gęgotek, Agnieszka Skrzydlewska, Elżbieta Biomolecules Review Apoptosis is the physiological mechanism of cell death and can be modulated by endogenous and exogenous factors, including stress and metabolic alterations. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as ROS-dependent lipid peroxidation products (including isoprostanes and reactive aldehydes including 4-hydroxynonenal) are proapoptotic factors. These mediators can activate apoptosis via mitochondrial-, receptor-, or ER stress-dependent pathways. Phospholipid metabolism is also an essential regulator of apoptosis, producing the proapoptotic prostaglandins of the PGD and PGJ series, as well as the antiapoptotic prostaglandins of the PGE series, but also 12-HETE and 20-HETE. The effect of endocannabinoids and phytocannabinoids on apoptosis depends on cell type-specific differences. Cells where cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) is the dominant cannabinoid receptor, as well as cells with high cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, undergo apoptosis after the administration of cannabinoids. In contrast, in cells where CB2 receptors dominate, and cells with low COX activity, cannabinoids act in a cytoprotective manner. Therefore, cell type-specific differences in the pro- and antiapoptotic effects of lipids and their (oxidative) products might reveal new options for differential bioanalysis between normal, functional, and degenerating or malignant cells, and better integrative biomedical treatments of major stress-associated diseases. MDPI 2020-03-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7175142/ /pubmed/32150849 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10030402 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Wójcik, Piotr
Žarković, Neven
Gęgotek, Agnieszka
Skrzydlewska, Elżbieta
Involvement of Metabolic Lipid Mediators in the Regulation of Apoptosis
title Involvement of Metabolic Lipid Mediators in the Regulation of Apoptosis
title_full Involvement of Metabolic Lipid Mediators in the Regulation of Apoptosis
title_fullStr Involvement of Metabolic Lipid Mediators in the Regulation of Apoptosis
title_full_unstemmed Involvement of Metabolic Lipid Mediators in the Regulation of Apoptosis
title_short Involvement of Metabolic Lipid Mediators in the Regulation of Apoptosis
title_sort involvement of metabolic lipid mediators in the regulation of apoptosis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7175142/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32150849
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10030402
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