Radiographic evolution of a simple renal cyst to clear cell renal cell carcinoma in three years

A 53-year-old female was referred for evaluation of a small right renal mass. She had an oncological history of adenocarcinoma of the cervix in 2015. Upon review of her imaging, her right posterior lower-pole lesion demonstrated malignant transformation from a 2.7-cm simple cyst in 2016, to development of a complex cyst with internal vascularity, and ultimately a 1.6 cm, right, lower-pole, exophytic, enhancing, posteriorly located solid renal mass concerning for renal cell carcinoma. The patient opted for surgical removal and underwent a right robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Pathology was consistent with a T1a clear cell renal cell carcinoma.