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Physical Fitness and Self-Rated Health in Children and Adolescents: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study

Self-rated health (SRH) is an independent determinant for all-cause mortality. We aimed to examine the independent and combined associations of components of physical fitness with SRH at baseline (cross-sectional) and two years later (longitudinal) in children and adolescents. Spanish youth (N = 137...

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Autores principales: Padilla-Moledo, Carmen, Fernández-Santos, Jorge DR, Izquierdo-Gómez, Rocio, Esteban-Cornejo, Irene, Rio-Cozar, Paula, Carbonell-Baeza, Ana, Castro-Piñero, Jose
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7177446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32252318
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072413
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author Padilla-Moledo, Carmen
Fernández-Santos, Jorge DR
Izquierdo-Gómez, Rocio
Esteban-Cornejo, Irene
Rio-Cozar, Paula
Carbonell-Baeza, Ana
Castro-Piñero, Jose
author_facet Padilla-Moledo, Carmen
Fernández-Santos, Jorge DR
Izquierdo-Gómez, Rocio
Esteban-Cornejo, Irene
Rio-Cozar, Paula
Carbonell-Baeza, Ana
Castro-Piñero, Jose
author_sort Padilla-Moledo, Carmen
collection PubMed
description Self-rated health (SRH) is an independent determinant for all-cause mortality. We aimed to examine the independent and combined associations of components of physical fitness with SRH at baseline (cross-sectional) and two years later (longitudinal) in children and adolescents. Spanish youth (N = 1378) aged 8 to 17.9 years participated at baseline. The dropout rate at 2-year follow-up was 19.5% (n = 270). Participants were categorized as either children (8 to 11.9 years age) or adolescents (12 to 17.9 years age). The ALPHA health- related fitness test battery for youth was used to assess physical fitness, and SRH was measured by a single-item question. Cumulative link, ANOVA and ANCOVA models were fitted to analyze the data. Cardiorespiratory fitness, relative upper body isometric muscular strength, muscular strength score, and global physical fitness were positively associated with SRH in children (OR, 1.048; 95% CI, 1.020–1.076; OR, 18.921; 95% CI, 3.47–104.355; OR, 1.213; 95% CI, 1.117–1.319, and OR, 1.170; 95% CI, 1.081–1.266, respectively; all p < 0.001) and adolescents (OR, 1.057; 95% CI, 1.037–1.076; OR, 5.707; 95% CI, 1.122–29.205; OR, 1.169; 95% CI, 1.070–1.278, and OR, 1.154 95% CI, 1.100–1.210, respectively; all p < 0.001); and motor fitness was positively associated with SRH only in adolescents at baseline (OR, 1.192; 95% CI, 1.066–1.309; p < 0.01). Cardiorespiratory fitness and global physical fitness were positively associated with SRH in children two years later (OR, 1.056; 95% CI, 1.023–1.091; p < 0.001; and OR, 1.082; 95% CI, 1.031–1.136; p < 0.01; respectively). Only cardiorespiratory fitness was independently associated with SRH in children and adolescents at baseline (OR, 1.059; 95% CI, 1.029–1.090; and OR, 1.073; 95% CI, 1.050–1.097, respectively; both p < 0.001) and two years later (OR, 1.075; 95% CI, 1.040–1.112; p < 0.001; and OR, 1.043; 95% CI, 1.014–1.074; p < 0.01, respectively). A high level of cardiorespiratory fitness at baseline or maintaining high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness from the baseline to 2-year follow-up were associated with a higher level of SRH at 2-year follow-up in children (p < 0.01) and adolescents (p < 0.05). These findings emphasize the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness as strong predictor of present and future SRH in youth. Intervention programs to enhance cardiorespiratory fitness level of the youth population are urgently needed for present and future youth’s health.
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spelling pubmed-71774462020-04-28 Physical Fitness and Self-Rated Health in Children and Adolescents: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study Padilla-Moledo, Carmen Fernández-Santos, Jorge DR Izquierdo-Gómez, Rocio Esteban-Cornejo, Irene Rio-Cozar, Paula Carbonell-Baeza, Ana Castro-Piñero, Jose Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Self-rated health (SRH) is an independent determinant for all-cause mortality. We aimed to examine the independent and combined associations of components of physical fitness with SRH at baseline (cross-sectional) and two years later (longitudinal) in children and adolescents. Spanish youth (N = 1378) aged 8 to 17.9 years participated at baseline. The dropout rate at 2-year follow-up was 19.5% (n = 270). Participants were categorized as either children (8 to 11.9 years age) or adolescents (12 to 17.9 years age). The ALPHA health- related fitness test battery for youth was used to assess physical fitness, and SRH was measured by a single-item question. Cumulative link, ANOVA and ANCOVA models were fitted to analyze the data. Cardiorespiratory fitness, relative upper body isometric muscular strength, muscular strength score, and global physical fitness were positively associated with SRH in children (OR, 1.048; 95% CI, 1.020–1.076; OR, 18.921; 95% CI, 3.47–104.355; OR, 1.213; 95% CI, 1.117–1.319, and OR, 1.170; 95% CI, 1.081–1.266, respectively; all p < 0.001) and adolescents (OR, 1.057; 95% CI, 1.037–1.076; OR, 5.707; 95% CI, 1.122–29.205; OR, 1.169; 95% CI, 1.070–1.278, and OR, 1.154 95% CI, 1.100–1.210, respectively; all p < 0.001); and motor fitness was positively associated with SRH only in adolescents at baseline (OR, 1.192; 95% CI, 1.066–1.309; p < 0.01). Cardiorespiratory fitness and global physical fitness were positively associated with SRH in children two years later (OR, 1.056; 95% CI, 1.023–1.091; p < 0.001; and OR, 1.082; 95% CI, 1.031–1.136; p < 0.01; respectively). Only cardiorespiratory fitness was independently associated with SRH in children and adolescents at baseline (OR, 1.059; 95% CI, 1.029–1.090; and OR, 1.073; 95% CI, 1.050–1.097, respectively; both p < 0.001) and two years later (OR, 1.075; 95% CI, 1.040–1.112; p < 0.001; and OR, 1.043; 95% CI, 1.014–1.074; p < 0.01, respectively). A high level of cardiorespiratory fitness at baseline or maintaining high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness from the baseline to 2-year follow-up were associated with a higher level of SRH at 2-year follow-up in children (p < 0.01) and adolescents (p < 0.05). These findings emphasize the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness as strong predictor of present and future SRH in youth. Intervention programs to enhance cardiorespiratory fitness level of the youth population are urgently needed for present and future youth’s health. MDPI 2020-04-02 2020-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7177446/ /pubmed/32252318 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072413 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Padilla-Moledo, Carmen
Fernández-Santos, Jorge DR
Izquierdo-Gómez, Rocio
Esteban-Cornejo, Irene
Rio-Cozar, Paula
Carbonell-Baeza, Ana
Castro-Piñero, Jose
Physical Fitness and Self-Rated Health in Children and Adolescents: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study
title Physical Fitness and Self-Rated Health in Children and Adolescents: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study
title_full Physical Fitness and Self-Rated Health in Children and Adolescents: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study
title_fullStr Physical Fitness and Self-Rated Health in Children and Adolescents: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study
title_full_unstemmed Physical Fitness and Self-Rated Health in Children and Adolescents: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study
title_short Physical Fitness and Self-Rated Health in Children and Adolescents: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study
title_sort physical fitness and self-rated health in children and adolescents: cross-sectional and longitudinal study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7177446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32252318
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072413
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