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Muscular Development in Urechis unicinctus (Echiura, Annelida)
Echiura is one of the most intriguing major subgroups of phylum Annelida because, unlike most other annelids, echiuran adults lack metameric body segmentation. Urechis unicinctus lives in U-shape burrows of soft sediments. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7178014/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32225111 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072306 |
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author | Han, Yong-Hee Ryu, Kyoung-Bin Medina Jiménez, Brenda I. Kim, Jung Lee, Hae-Youn Cho, Sung-Jin |
author_facet | Han, Yong-Hee Ryu, Kyoung-Bin Medina Jiménez, Brenda I. Kim, Jung Lee, Hae-Youn Cho, Sung-Jin |
author_sort | Han, Yong-Hee |
collection | PubMed |
description | Echiura is one of the most intriguing major subgroups of phylum Annelida because, unlike most other annelids, echiuran adults lack metameric body segmentation. Urechis unicinctus lives in U-shape burrows of soft sediments. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of U. unicinctus. Herein, we overviewed the developmental process from zygote to juvenile U. unicinctus using immunohistochemistry and F-actin staining for the nervous and muscular systems, respectively. Through F-actin staining, we found that muscle fibers began to form in the trochophore phase and that muscles for feeding were produced first. Subsequently, in the segmentation larval stage, the transversal muscle was formed in the shape of a ring in an anterior-to-posterior direction with segment formation, as well as a ventromedian muscle for the formation of a ventral nerve cord. After that, many muscle fibers were produced along the entire body and formed the worm-shaped larva. Finally, we investigated the spatiotemporal expression of Uun_st-mhc, Uun_troponin I, Uun_calponin, and Uun_twist genes found in U. unicinctus. During embryonic development, the striated and smooth muscle genes were co-expressed in the same region. However, the adult body wall muscles showed differential gene expression of each muscle layer. The results of this study will provide the basis for the understanding of muscle differentiation in Echiura. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7178014 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71780142020-04-28 Muscular Development in Urechis unicinctus (Echiura, Annelida) Han, Yong-Hee Ryu, Kyoung-Bin Medina Jiménez, Brenda I. Kim, Jung Lee, Hae-Youn Cho, Sung-Jin Int J Mol Sci Article Echiura is one of the most intriguing major subgroups of phylum Annelida because, unlike most other annelids, echiuran adults lack metameric body segmentation. Urechis unicinctus lives in U-shape burrows of soft sediments. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of U. unicinctus. Herein, we overviewed the developmental process from zygote to juvenile U. unicinctus using immunohistochemistry and F-actin staining for the nervous and muscular systems, respectively. Through F-actin staining, we found that muscle fibers began to form in the trochophore phase and that muscles for feeding were produced first. Subsequently, in the segmentation larval stage, the transversal muscle was formed in the shape of a ring in an anterior-to-posterior direction with segment formation, as well as a ventromedian muscle for the formation of a ventral nerve cord. After that, many muscle fibers were produced along the entire body and formed the worm-shaped larva. Finally, we investigated the spatiotemporal expression of Uun_st-mhc, Uun_troponin I, Uun_calponin, and Uun_twist genes found in U. unicinctus. During embryonic development, the striated and smooth muscle genes were co-expressed in the same region. However, the adult body wall muscles showed differential gene expression of each muscle layer. The results of this study will provide the basis for the understanding of muscle differentiation in Echiura. MDPI 2020-03-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7178014/ /pubmed/32225111 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072306 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Han, Yong-Hee Ryu, Kyoung-Bin Medina Jiménez, Brenda I. Kim, Jung Lee, Hae-Youn Cho, Sung-Jin Muscular Development in Urechis unicinctus (Echiura, Annelida) |
title | Muscular Development in Urechis unicinctus (Echiura, Annelida) |
title_full | Muscular Development in Urechis unicinctus (Echiura, Annelida) |
title_fullStr | Muscular Development in Urechis unicinctus (Echiura, Annelida) |
title_full_unstemmed | Muscular Development in Urechis unicinctus (Echiura, Annelida) |
title_short | Muscular Development in Urechis unicinctus (Echiura, Annelida) |
title_sort | muscular development in urechis unicinctus (echiura, annelida) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7178014/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32225111 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072306 |
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