Cargando…

Optimizing Manufacturing and Osseointegration of Ti6Al4V Implants through Precision Casting and Calcium and Phosphorus Ion Implantation? In Vivo Results of a Large-Scale Animal Trial

Background: Uncemented implants are still associated with several major challenges, especially with regard to their manufacturing and their osseointegration. In this study, a novel manufacturing technique—an optimized form of precision casting—and a novel surface modification to promote osseointegra...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: JV, Wölfle-Roos, B, Katmer Amet, J, Fiedler, H, Michels, G, Kappelt, A, Ignatius, L, Dürselen, H, Reichel, RE, Brenner
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7178301/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32260177
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071670
_version_ 1783525424734666752
author JV, Wölfle-Roos
B, Katmer Amet
J, Fiedler
H, Michels
G, Kappelt
A, Ignatius
L, Dürselen
H, Reichel
RE, Brenner
author_facet JV, Wölfle-Roos
B, Katmer Amet
J, Fiedler
H, Michels
G, Kappelt
A, Ignatius
L, Dürselen
H, Reichel
RE, Brenner
author_sort JV, Wölfle-Roos
collection PubMed
description Background: Uncemented implants are still associated with several major challenges, especially with regard to their manufacturing and their osseointegration. In this study, a novel manufacturing technique—an optimized form of precision casting—and a novel surface modification to promote osseointegration—calcium and phosphorus ion implantation into the implant surface—were tested in vivo. Methods: Cylindrical Ti6Al4V implants were inserted bilaterally into the tibia of 110 rats. We compared two generations of cast Ti6Al4V implants (CAST 1st GEN, n = 22, and CAST 2nd GEN, n = 22) as well as cast 2nd GEN Ti6Al4V implants with calcium (CAST + CA, n = 22) and phosphorus (CAST + P, n = 22) ion implantation to standard machined Ti6Al4V implants (control, n = 22). After 4 and 12 weeks, maximal pull-out force and bone-to-implant contact rate (BIC) were measured and compared between all five groups. Results: There was no significant difference between all five groups after 4 weeks or 12 weeks with regard to pull-out force (p > 0.05, Kruskal Wallis test). Histomorphometric analysis showed no significant difference of BIC after 4 weeks (p > 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis test), whereas there was a trend towards a higher BIC in the CAST + P group (54.8% ± 15.2%), especially compared to the control group (38.6% ± 12.8%) after 12 weeks (p = 0.053, Kruskal–Wallis test). Conclusion: In this study, we found no indication of inferiority of Ti6Al4V implants cast with the optimized centrifugal precision casting technique of the second generation compared to standard Ti6Al4V implants. As the employed manufacturing process holds considerable economic potential, mainly due to a significantly decreased material demand per implant by casting near net-shape instead of milling away most of the starting ingot, its application in manufacturing uncemented implants seems promising. However, no significant advantages of calcium or phosphorus ion implantation could be observed in this study. Due to the promising results of ion implantation in previous in vitro and in vivo studies, further in vivo studies with different ion implantation conditions should be considered.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7178301
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-71783012020-04-28 Optimizing Manufacturing and Osseointegration of Ti6Al4V Implants through Precision Casting and Calcium and Phosphorus Ion Implantation? In Vivo Results of a Large-Scale Animal Trial JV, Wölfle-Roos B, Katmer Amet J, Fiedler H, Michels G, Kappelt A, Ignatius L, Dürselen H, Reichel RE, Brenner Materials (Basel) Article Background: Uncemented implants are still associated with several major challenges, especially with regard to their manufacturing and their osseointegration. In this study, a novel manufacturing technique—an optimized form of precision casting—and a novel surface modification to promote osseointegration—calcium and phosphorus ion implantation into the implant surface—were tested in vivo. Methods: Cylindrical Ti6Al4V implants were inserted bilaterally into the tibia of 110 rats. We compared two generations of cast Ti6Al4V implants (CAST 1st GEN, n = 22, and CAST 2nd GEN, n = 22) as well as cast 2nd GEN Ti6Al4V implants with calcium (CAST + CA, n = 22) and phosphorus (CAST + P, n = 22) ion implantation to standard machined Ti6Al4V implants (control, n = 22). After 4 and 12 weeks, maximal pull-out force and bone-to-implant contact rate (BIC) were measured and compared between all five groups. Results: There was no significant difference between all five groups after 4 weeks or 12 weeks with regard to pull-out force (p > 0.05, Kruskal Wallis test). Histomorphometric analysis showed no significant difference of BIC after 4 weeks (p > 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis test), whereas there was a trend towards a higher BIC in the CAST + P group (54.8% ± 15.2%), especially compared to the control group (38.6% ± 12.8%) after 12 weeks (p = 0.053, Kruskal–Wallis test). Conclusion: In this study, we found no indication of inferiority of Ti6Al4V implants cast with the optimized centrifugal precision casting technique of the second generation compared to standard Ti6Al4V implants. As the employed manufacturing process holds considerable economic potential, mainly due to a significantly decreased material demand per implant by casting near net-shape instead of milling away most of the starting ingot, its application in manufacturing uncemented implants seems promising. However, no significant advantages of calcium or phosphorus ion implantation could be observed in this study. Due to the promising results of ion implantation in previous in vitro and in vivo studies, further in vivo studies with different ion implantation conditions should be considered. MDPI 2020-04-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7178301/ /pubmed/32260177 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071670 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
JV, Wölfle-Roos
B, Katmer Amet
J, Fiedler
H, Michels
G, Kappelt
A, Ignatius
L, Dürselen
H, Reichel
RE, Brenner
Optimizing Manufacturing and Osseointegration of Ti6Al4V Implants through Precision Casting and Calcium and Phosphorus Ion Implantation? In Vivo Results of a Large-Scale Animal Trial
title Optimizing Manufacturing and Osseointegration of Ti6Al4V Implants through Precision Casting and Calcium and Phosphorus Ion Implantation? In Vivo Results of a Large-Scale Animal Trial
title_full Optimizing Manufacturing and Osseointegration of Ti6Al4V Implants through Precision Casting and Calcium and Phosphorus Ion Implantation? In Vivo Results of a Large-Scale Animal Trial
title_fullStr Optimizing Manufacturing and Osseointegration of Ti6Al4V Implants through Precision Casting and Calcium and Phosphorus Ion Implantation? In Vivo Results of a Large-Scale Animal Trial
title_full_unstemmed Optimizing Manufacturing and Osseointegration of Ti6Al4V Implants through Precision Casting and Calcium and Phosphorus Ion Implantation? In Vivo Results of a Large-Scale Animal Trial
title_short Optimizing Manufacturing and Osseointegration of Ti6Al4V Implants through Precision Casting and Calcium and Phosphorus Ion Implantation? In Vivo Results of a Large-Scale Animal Trial
title_sort optimizing manufacturing and osseointegration of ti6al4v implants through precision casting and calcium and phosphorus ion implantation? in vivo results of a large-scale animal trial
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7178301/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32260177
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071670
work_keys_str_mv AT jvwolfleroos optimizingmanufacturingandosseointegrationofti6al4vimplantsthroughprecisioncastingandcalciumandphosphorusionimplantationinvivoresultsofalargescaleanimaltrial
AT bkatmeramet optimizingmanufacturingandosseointegrationofti6al4vimplantsthroughprecisioncastingandcalciumandphosphorusionimplantationinvivoresultsofalargescaleanimaltrial
AT jfiedler optimizingmanufacturingandosseointegrationofti6al4vimplantsthroughprecisioncastingandcalciumandphosphorusionimplantationinvivoresultsofalargescaleanimaltrial
AT hmichels optimizingmanufacturingandosseointegrationofti6al4vimplantsthroughprecisioncastingandcalciumandphosphorusionimplantationinvivoresultsofalargescaleanimaltrial
AT gkappelt optimizingmanufacturingandosseointegrationofti6al4vimplantsthroughprecisioncastingandcalciumandphosphorusionimplantationinvivoresultsofalargescaleanimaltrial
AT aignatius optimizingmanufacturingandosseointegrationofti6al4vimplantsthroughprecisioncastingandcalciumandphosphorusionimplantationinvivoresultsofalargescaleanimaltrial
AT ldurselen optimizingmanufacturingandosseointegrationofti6al4vimplantsthroughprecisioncastingandcalciumandphosphorusionimplantationinvivoresultsofalargescaleanimaltrial
AT hreichel optimizingmanufacturingandosseointegrationofti6al4vimplantsthroughprecisioncastingandcalciumandphosphorusionimplantationinvivoresultsofalargescaleanimaltrial
AT rebrenner optimizingmanufacturingandosseointegrationofti6al4vimplantsthroughprecisioncastingandcalciumandphosphorusionimplantationinvivoresultsofalargescaleanimaltrial