A Modified Iterative Automatic Method for Characterization at Shear Resonance: Case Study of Ba(0.85)Ca(0.15)Ti(0.90)Zr(0.10)O(3) Eco-Piezoceramics

Coupling between electrically excited electromechanical resonances of piezoelectric ceramics is undesirable for the purpose of their characterization, since the material models correspond to monomodal resonances. However, coupling takes place quite often and it is unavoidable at the shear resonance of standard in-plane poled and thickness-excited rectangular plates. The piezoelectric coefficient e(15), the elastic compliance s(55)(E) and the dielectric permittivity component ε(11)(S) for a piezoelectric ceramic can be determined, including all losses, using the automatic iterative method of analysis of the complex impedance curves for the shear mode of an appropriated resonator. This is the non-standard, thickness-poled and longitudinally excited, shear plate. In this paper, the automatic iterative method is modified. The purpose is to be able to deal with the analysis of the impedance curves of the non-standard plate as the periodic phenomena of coupling and decoupling of the main shear resonance and other resonances takes place. This happens when the thickness of the plate is reduced, and its aspect ratio (width of the excitation (w)/thickness for poling (t)) is increased. In this process, the frequency of the shear resonance also increases and meets those of other plate modes periodically. We aim to obtain the best approach for the shear properties of near coupling and to reveal both their validity and the limitations of the thus-obtained information. Finally, we use a plate of a Ba(0.85)Ca(0.15)Ti(0.90)Zr(0.10)O(3) eco-piezoceramic as a case study.