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Compounds with Therapeutic Potential against Novel Respiratory 2019 Coronavirus
Currently, the expansion of the novel human respiratory coronavirus (known as SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2], COVID-2019 [coronavirus disease 2019], or 2019-nCoV [2019 novel coronavirus]) has stressed the need for therapeutic alternatives to alleviate and stop this new...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7179632/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32152082 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00399-20 |
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author | Martinez, Miguel Angel |
author_facet | Martinez, Miguel Angel |
author_sort | Martinez, Miguel Angel |
collection | PubMed |
description | Currently, the expansion of the novel human respiratory coronavirus (known as SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2], COVID-2019 [coronavirus disease 2019], or 2019-nCoV [2019 novel coronavirus]) has stressed the need for therapeutic alternatives to alleviate and stop this new epidemic. The previous epidemics of infections by high-morbidity human coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV in 2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, prompted the characterization of compounds that could be potentially active against the currently emerging novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. The most promising compound is remdesivir (GS-5734), a nucleotide analog prodrug currently in clinical trials for treating Ebola virus infections. Remdesivir inhibited the replication of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in tissue cultures, and it displayed efficacy in nonhuman animal models. In addition, a combination of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitors lopinavir/ritonavir and interferon beta (LPV/RTV–IFN-β) was shown to be effective in patients infected with SARS-CoV. LPV/RTV–IFN-β also improved clinical parameters in marmosets and mice infected with MERS-CoV. Remarkably, the therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir appeared to be superior to that of LPV/RTV–IFN-β against MERS-CoV in a transgenic humanized mouse model. The relatively high mortality rates associated with these three novel human coronavirus infections, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, have suggested that proinflammatory responses might play a role in the pathogenesis. It remains unknown whether the generated inflammatory state should be targeted. Therapeutics that target the coronavirus alone might not be able to reverse highly pathogenic infections. This minireview aims to provide a summary of therapeutic compounds that have shown potential in fighting SARS-CoV-2 infections. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7179632 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71796322020-04-27 Compounds with Therapeutic Potential against Novel Respiratory 2019 Coronavirus Martinez, Miguel Angel Antimicrob Agents Chemother Minireview Currently, the expansion of the novel human respiratory coronavirus (known as SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2], COVID-2019 [coronavirus disease 2019], or 2019-nCoV [2019 novel coronavirus]) has stressed the need for therapeutic alternatives to alleviate and stop this new epidemic. The previous epidemics of infections by high-morbidity human coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV in 2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, prompted the characterization of compounds that could be potentially active against the currently emerging novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. The most promising compound is remdesivir (GS-5734), a nucleotide analog prodrug currently in clinical trials for treating Ebola virus infections. Remdesivir inhibited the replication of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in tissue cultures, and it displayed efficacy in nonhuman animal models. In addition, a combination of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitors lopinavir/ritonavir and interferon beta (LPV/RTV–IFN-β) was shown to be effective in patients infected with SARS-CoV. LPV/RTV–IFN-β also improved clinical parameters in marmosets and mice infected with MERS-CoV. Remarkably, the therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir appeared to be superior to that of LPV/RTV–IFN-β against MERS-CoV in a transgenic humanized mouse model. The relatively high mortality rates associated with these three novel human coronavirus infections, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, have suggested that proinflammatory responses might play a role in the pathogenesis. It remains unknown whether the generated inflammatory state should be targeted. Therapeutics that target the coronavirus alone might not be able to reverse highly pathogenic infections. This minireview aims to provide a summary of therapeutic compounds that have shown potential in fighting SARS-CoV-2 infections. American Society for Microbiology 2020-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7179632/ /pubmed/32152082 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00399-20 Text en Copyright © 2020 American Society for Microbiology. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted noncommercial re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. |
spellingShingle | Minireview Martinez, Miguel Angel Compounds with Therapeutic Potential against Novel Respiratory 2019 Coronavirus |
title | Compounds with Therapeutic Potential against Novel Respiratory 2019 Coronavirus |
title_full | Compounds with Therapeutic Potential against Novel Respiratory 2019 Coronavirus |
title_fullStr | Compounds with Therapeutic Potential against Novel Respiratory 2019 Coronavirus |
title_full_unstemmed | Compounds with Therapeutic Potential against Novel Respiratory 2019 Coronavirus |
title_short | Compounds with Therapeutic Potential against Novel Respiratory 2019 Coronavirus |
title_sort | compounds with therapeutic potential against novel respiratory 2019 coronavirus |
topic | Minireview |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7179632/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32152082 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00399-20 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT martinezmiguelangel compoundswiththerapeuticpotentialagainstnovelrespiratory2019coronavirus |