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Nanoparticles as Versatile Tools for Mechanotransduction in Tissues and Organoids

Organoids are 3D multicellular constructs that rely on self-organized cell differentiation, patterning and morphogenesis to recapitulate key features of the form and function of tissues and organs of interest. Dynamic changes in these systems are orchestrated by biochemical and mechanical microenvir...

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Autores principales: Abdel Fattah, Abdel Rahman, Ranga, Adrian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7180186/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32363177
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00240
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author Abdel Fattah, Abdel Rahman
Ranga, Adrian
author_facet Abdel Fattah, Abdel Rahman
Ranga, Adrian
author_sort Abdel Fattah, Abdel Rahman
collection PubMed
description Organoids are 3D multicellular constructs that rely on self-organized cell differentiation, patterning and morphogenesis to recapitulate key features of the form and function of tissues and organs of interest. Dynamic changes in these systems are orchestrated by biochemical and mechanical microenvironments, which can be engineered and manipulated to probe their role in developmental and disease mechanisms. In particular, the in vitro investigation of mechanical cues has been the focus of recent research, where mechanical manipulations imparting local as well as large-scale mechanical stresses aim to mimic in vivo tissue deformations which occur through proliferation, folding, invagination, and elongation. However, current in vitro approaches largely impose homogeneous mechanical changes via a host matrix and lack the required positional and directional specificity to mimic the diversity of in vivo scenarios. Thus, while organoids exhibit limited aspects of in vivo morphogenetic events, how local forces are coordinated to enable large-scale changes in tissue architecture remains a difficult question to address using current techniques. Nanoparticles, through their efficient internalization by cells and dispersion through extracellular matrices, have the ability to provide local or global, as well as passive or active modulation of mechanical stresses on organoids and tissues. In this review, we explore how nanoparticles can be used to manipulate matrix and tissue mechanics, and highlight their potential as tools for fate regulation through mechanotransduction in multicellular model systems.
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spelling pubmed-71801862020-05-01 Nanoparticles as Versatile Tools for Mechanotransduction in Tissues and Organoids Abdel Fattah, Abdel Rahman Ranga, Adrian Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology Organoids are 3D multicellular constructs that rely on self-organized cell differentiation, patterning and morphogenesis to recapitulate key features of the form and function of tissues and organs of interest. Dynamic changes in these systems are orchestrated by biochemical and mechanical microenvironments, which can be engineered and manipulated to probe their role in developmental and disease mechanisms. In particular, the in vitro investigation of mechanical cues has been the focus of recent research, where mechanical manipulations imparting local as well as large-scale mechanical stresses aim to mimic in vivo tissue deformations which occur through proliferation, folding, invagination, and elongation. However, current in vitro approaches largely impose homogeneous mechanical changes via a host matrix and lack the required positional and directional specificity to mimic the diversity of in vivo scenarios. Thus, while organoids exhibit limited aspects of in vivo morphogenetic events, how local forces are coordinated to enable large-scale changes in tissue architecture remains a difficult question to address using current techniques. Nanoparticles, through their efficient internalization by cells and dispersion through extracellular matrices, have the ability to provide local or global, as well as passive or active modulation of mechanical stresses on organoids and tissues. In this review, we explore how nanoparticles can be used to manipulate matrix and tissue mechanics, and highlight their potential as tools for fate regulation through mechanotransduction in multicellular model systems. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-04-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7180186/ /pubmed/32363177 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00240 Text en Copyright © 2020 Abdel Fattah and Ranga. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Abdel Fattah, Abdel Rahman
Ranga, Adrian
Nanoparticles as Versatile Tools for Mechanotransduction in Tissues and Organoids
title Nanoparticles as Versatile Tools for Mechanotransduction in Tissues and Organoids
title_full Nanoparticles as Versatile Tools for Mechanotransduction in Tissues and Organoids
title_fullStr Nanoparticles as Versatile Tools for Mechanotransduction in Tissues and Organoids
title_full_unstemmed Nanoparticles as Versatile Tools for Mechanotransduction in Tissues and Organoids
title_short Nanoparticles as Versatile Tools for Mechanotransduction in Tissues and Organoids
title_sort nanoparticles as versatile tools for mechanotransduction in tissues and organoids
topic Bioengineering and Biotechnology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7180186/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32363177
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00240
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