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Modulation of the Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Small Molecules

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 90% of all cases of primary liver cancer; it is the third most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In early-stage disease, surgical resection and liver transplantation are considered curative treatments. However, the majority of...

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Autores principales: Lee, Yu Geon, Jeon, Tae–Il
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7181071/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32235537
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071580
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author Lee, Yu Geon
Jeon, Tae–Il
author_facet Lee, Yu Geon
Jeon, Tae–Il
author_sort Lee, Yu Geon
collection PubMed
description Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 90% of all cases of primary liver cancer; it is the third most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In early-stage disease, surgical resection and liver transplantation are considered curative treatments. However, the majority of HCC patients present with advanced-stage disease that is treated using palliative systemic therapy. Since HCC is heterogeneous owing to its multiple etiologies, various risk factors, and inherent resistance to chemotherapy, the development of an effective systemic treatment strategy for HCC remains a considerable challenge. Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent catabolic degradation pathway that is essential for maintaining cellular energy homeostasis. Autophagy dysfunction is closely linked with the pathogenesis of various cancers; therefore, the discovery of small molecules that can modulate autophagy has attracted considerable interest in the development of a systemic treatment strategy for advanced HCC. Here, we reviewed the roles of autophagy in HCC and the recent advances regarding small molecules that target autophagy regulatory mechanisms.
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spelling pubmed-71810712020-04-30 Modulation of the Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Small Molecules Lee, Yu Geon Jeon, Tae–Il Molecules Review Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 90% of all cases of primary liver cancer; it is the third most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In early-stage disease, surgical resection and liver transplantation are considered curative treatments. However, the majority of HCC patients present with advanced-stage disease that is treated using palliative systemic therapy. Since HCC is heterogeneous owing to its multiple etiologies, various risk factors, and inherent resistance to chemotherapy, the development of an effective systemic treatment strategy for HCC remains a considerable challenge. Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent catabolic degradation pathway that is essential for maintaining cellular energy homeostasis. Autophagy dysfunction is closely linked with the pathogenesis of various cancers; therefore, the discovery of small molecules that can modulate autophagy has attracted considerable interest in the development of a systemic treatment strategy for advanced HCC. Here, we reviewed the roles of autophagy in HCC and the recent advances regarding small molecules that target autophagy regulatory mechanisms. MDPI 2020-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7181071/ /pubmed/32235537 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071580 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Lee, Yu Geon
Jeon, Tae–Il
Modulation of the Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Small Molecules
title Modulation of the Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Small Molecules
title_full Modulation of the Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Small Molecules
title_fullStr Modulation of the Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Small Molecules
title_full_unstemmed Modulation of the Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Small Molecules
title_short Modulation of the Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Small Molecules
title_sort modulation of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma using small molecules
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7181071/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32235537
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071580
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