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Terpenoids, Cannabimimetic Ligands, beyond the Cannabis Plant

Medicinal use of Cannabis sativa L. has an extensive history and it was essential in the discovery of phytocannabinoids, including the Cannabis major psychoactive compound—Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC)—as well as the G-protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors (CBR), named cannabinoid receptor type-1...

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Autores principales: Gonçalves, Elaine C. D., Baldasso, Gabriela M., Bicca, Maíra A., Paes, Rodrigo S., Capasso, Raffaele, Dutra, Rafael C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7181184/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32235333
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071567
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author Gonçalves, Elaine C. D.
Baldasso, Gabriela M.
Bicca, Maíra A.
Paes, Rodrigo S.
Capasso, Raffaele
Dutra, Rafael C.
author_facet Gonçalves, Elaine C. D.
Baldasso, Gabriela M.
Bicca, Maíra A.
Paes, Rodrigo S.
Capasso, Raffaele
Dutra, Rafael C.
author_sort Gonçalves, Elaine C. D.
collection PubMed
description Medicinal use of Cannabis sativa L. has an extensive history and it was essential in the discovery of phytocannabinoids, including the Cannabis major psychoactive compound—Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC)—as well as the G-protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors (CBR), named cannabinoid receptor type-1 (CB1R) and cannabinoid receptor type-2 (CB2R), both part of the now known endocannabinoid system (ECS). Cannabinoids is a vast term that defines several compounds that have been characterized in three categories: (i) endogenous, (ii) synthetic, and (iii) phytocannabinoids, and are able to modulate the CBR and ECS. Particularly, phytocannabinoids are natural terpenoids or phenolic compounds derived from Cannabis sativa. However, these terpenoids and phenolic compounds can also be derived from other plants (non-cannabinoids) and still induce cannabinoid-like properties. Cannabimimetic ligands, beyond the Cannabis plant, can act as CBR agonists or antagonists, or ECS enzyme inhibitors, besides being able of playing a role in immune-mediated inflammatory and infectious diseases, neuroinflammatory, neurological, and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as in cancer, and autoimmunity by itself. In this review, we summarize and critically highlight past, present, and future progress on the understanding of the role of cannabinoid-like molecules, mainly terpenes, as prospective therapeutics for different pathological conditions.
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spelling pubmed-71811842020-04-28 Terpenoids, Cannabimimetic Ligands, beyond the Cannabis Plant Gonçalves, Elaine C. D. Baldasso, Gabriela M. Bicca, Maíra A. Paes, Rodrigo S. Capasso, Raffaele Dutra, Rafael C. Molecules Review Medicinal use of Cannabis sativa L. has an extensive history and it was essential in the discovery of phytocannabinoids, including the Cannabis major psychoactive compound—Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC)—as well as the G-protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors (CBR), named cannabinoid receptor type-1 (CB1R) and cannabinoid receptor type-2 (CB2R), both part of the now known endocannabinoid system (ECS). Cannabinoids is a vast term that defines several compounds that have been characterized in three categories: (i) endogenous, (ii) synthetic, and (iii) phytocannabinoids, and are able to modulate the CBR and ECS. Particularly, phytocannabinoids are natural terpenoids or phenolic compounds derived from Cannabis sativa. However, these terpenoids and phenolic compounds can also be derived from other plants (non-cannabinoids) and still induce cannabinoid-like properties. Cannabimimetic ligands, beyond the Cannabis plant, can act as CBR agonists or antagonists, or ECS enzyme inhibitors, besides being able of playing a role in immune-mediated inflammatory and infectious diseases, neuroinflammatory, neurological, and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as in cancer, and autoimmunity by itself. In this review, we summarize and critically highlight past, present, and future progress on the understanding of the role of cannabinoid-like molecules, mainly terpenes, as prospective therapeutics for different pathological conditions. MDPI 2020-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7181184/ /pubmed/32235333 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071567 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Gonçalves, Elaine C. D.
Baldasso, Gabriela M.
Bicca, Maíra A.
Paes, Rodrigo S.
Capasso, Raffaele
Dutra, Rafael C.
Terpenoids, Cannabimimetic Ligands, beyond the Cannabis Plant
title Terpenoids, Cannabimimetic Ligands, beyond the Cannabis Plant
title_full Terpenoids, Cannabimimetic Ligands, beyond the Cannabis Plant
title_fullStr Terpenoids, Cannabimimetic Ligands, beyond the Cannabis Plant
title_full_unstemmed Terpenoids, Cannabimimetic Ligands, beyond the Cannabis Plant
title_short Terpenoids, Cannabimimetic Ligands, beyond the Cannabis Plant
title_sort terpenoids, cannabimimetic ligands, beyond the cannabis plant
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7181184/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32235333
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071567
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