In-Situ Synthesis of Hydrophobic Polyurethane Ternary Composite Induced by Hydroxyethyl Cellulose through a Green Method for Efficient Oil Removal

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) was introduced to activate the surface of polyurethane (PU) sponge to successfully prepare a hydrophobic ternary composite PU/HEC/SiO(2). The hydrophobic layer of the composite was realized by in-situ polymerization of methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) onto the surface of PU sponge. The formation of a stable hydrophobic SiO(2) layer solved successfully the problem of ease of SiO(2) particles shedding from the composite. Moreover, the amphiphilic molecules produced by the hydrolysis of MTES monomers facilitated the preparation of hydrophobic materials by aqueous dispersion polymerization. Aqueous synthesis made the reaction process environmentally-friendly and pollution-free. The as-prepared composite PU/HEC/SiO(2) not only retains high porosity and low density of the PU sponge, but also considerably reduced the surface free energy and increased the surface roughness of the PU sponge. Therefore, outstanding hydrophobicity and high porosity endow the composite with excellent oil removal capability as a high-efficiency absorbent. Moreover, the hydrophobic composite that had absorbed oil could be regenerated easily by squeezing and recycling.