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Sex-specific clustering of metabolic risk factors and cancer risk: a longitudinal study in Iran
BACKGROUND: Cancer is a major cause of death in low- and middle-income countries. A large number of studies have shown that some of the metabolic risk factors (MRFs) tend to cluster in individuals. We examined the synergistic effects of multiple MRFs and cancer risk among Iranian adults. METHODS: Am...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7183600/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32334634 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13293-020-00296-6 |
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author | Ramezankhani, Azra Azizi, Fereidoun Hadaegh, Farzad |
author_facet | Ramezankhani, Azra Azizi, Fereidoun Hadaegh, Farzad |
author_sort | Ramezankhani, Azra |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Cancer is a major cause of death in low- and middle-income countries. A large number of studies have shown that some of the metabolic risk factors (MRFs) tend to cluster in individuals. We examined the synergistic effects of multiple MRFs and cancer risk among Iranian adults. METHODS: Among 8593 (3929 men) participants aged ≥ 30 years, the self-organizing map (SOM) was applied to clustering of four MRFs including high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG), high total cholesterol (HTC), high systolic blood pressure (HSBP), and high body mass index (HBMI). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate the association between clusters with cancer incidence during a median of 14.0 years of follow-up. RESULTS: During the study period, 265 new cases of cancer were identified among participants at risk. The incidence density rate was 2.5 per 1000 person years in total population. About 32 and 40% of men and women, respectively, had three or four MRFs. We identified seven clusters of MRFs in both men and women. In both genders, MRFs were clustered in those with older age. Further, inverse associations were found between current smoking in men, and education level and passive smoking in women and clustering of MRFs. In men, a cluster with 100% HSBP and HBMI had the highest risk for overall cancer. While, among women, a cluster with 100% HFPG and 93% HBMI yielded the highest risk for cancer. The risk was decreased when HBMI accompanied by HTC. CONCLUSIONS: Clustering patterns may reflect underlying link between MRFs and cancer and could potentially facilitate tailored health promotion interventions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7183600 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71836002020-04-29 Sex-specific clustering of metabolic risk factors and cancer risk: a longitudinal study in Iran Ramezankhani, Azra Azizi, Fereidoun Hadaegh, Farzad Biol Sex Differ Research BACKGROUND: Cancer is a major cause of death in low- and middle-income countries. A large number of studies have shown that some of the metabolic risk factors (MRFs) tend to cluster in individuals. We examined the synergistic effects of multiple MRFs and cancer risk among Iranian adults. METHODS: Among 8593 (3929 men) participants aged ≥ 30 years, the self-organizing map (SOM) was applied to clustering of four MRFs including high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG), high total cholesterol (HTC), high systolic blood pressure (HSBP), and high body mass index (HBMI). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate the association between clusters with cancer incidence during a median of 14.0 years of follow-up. RESULTS: During the study period, 265 new cases of cancer were identified among participants at risk. The incidence density rate was 2.5 per 1000 person years in total population. About 32 and 40% of men and women, respectively, had three or four MRFs. We identified seven clusters of MRFs in both men and women. In both genders, MRFs were clustered in those with older age. Further, inverse associations were found between current smoking in men, and education level and passive smoking in women and clustering of MRFs. In men, a cluster with 100% HSBP and HBMI had the highest risk for overall cancer. While, among women, a cluster with 100% HFPG and 93% HBMI yielded the highest risk for cancer. The risk was decreased when HBMI accompanied by HTC. CONCLUSIONS: Clustering patterns may reflect underlying link between MRFs and cancer and could potentially facilitate tailored health promotion interventions. BioMed Central 2020-04-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7183600/ /pubmed/32334634 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13293-020-00296-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Ramezankhani, Azra Azizi, Fereidoun Hadaegh, Farzad Sex-specific clustering of metabolic risk factors and cancer risk: a longitudinal study in Iran |
title | Sex-specific clustering of metabolic risk factors and cancer risk: a longitudinal study in Iran |
title_full | Sex-specific clustering of metabolic risk factors and cancer risk: a longitudinal study in Iran |
title_fullStr | Sex-specific clustering of metabolic risk factors and cancer risk: a longitudinal study in Iran |
title_full_unstemmed | Sex-specific clustering of metabolic risk factors and cancer risk: a longitudinal study in Iran |
title_short | Sex-specific clustering of metabolic risk factors and cancer risk: a longitudinal study in Iran |
title_sort | sex-specific clustering of metabolic risk factors and cancer risk: a longitudinal study in iran |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7183600/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32334634 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13293-020-00296-6 |
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