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Intervening on the Developmental Course of Children With Borderline Intellectual Functioning With a Multimodal Intervention: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial

An adverse social environment is a major risk factor for borderline intellectual functioning (BIF), a condition characterized by an intelligence quotient (IQ) within the low range of normality (70–85) with difficulties in the academic achievements and adaptive behavior. Children with BIF show impair...

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Autores principales: Blasi, Valeria, Zanette, Michela, Baglio, Gisella, Giangiacomo, Alice, Di Tella, Sonia, Canevini, Maria Paola, Walder, Mauro, Clerici, Mario, Baglio, Francesca
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186416/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32373025
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00679
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author Blasi, Valeria
Zanette, Michela
Baglio, Gisella
Giangiacomo, Alice
Di Tella, Sonia
Canevini, Maria Paola
Walder, Mauro
Clerici, Mario
Baglio, Francesca
author_facet Blasi, Valeria
Zanette, Michela
Baglio, Gisella
Giangiacomo, Alice
Di Tella, Sonia
Canevini, Maria Paola
Walder, Mauro
Clerici, Mario
Baglio, Francesca
author_sort Blasi, Valeria
collection PubMed
description An adverse social environment is a major risk factor for borderline intellectual functioning (BIF), a condition characterized by an intelligence quotient (IQ) within the low range of normality (70–85) with difficulties in the academic achievements and adaptive behavior. Children with BIF show impairments in planning, language, movement, emotion regulation, and social abilities. Moreover, the BIF condition exposes children to an increased risk of school failures and the development of mental health problems, and poverty in adulthood. Thus, an early and effective intervention capable of improving the neurodevelopmental trajectory of children with BIF is of great relevance. AIM: The present work aims to report the results of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in which an intensive, integrated and innovative intervention, the movement cognition and narration of the emotions (MCNT) was compared to standard speech therapy (SST) for the treatment of children with BIF. METHODS: This was a multicenter, interventional, single blind RCT with two groups of children with BIF: the experimental treatment (MCNT) and the treatment as usual (SST). A mixed factorial ANOVA was carried out to assess differences in the effectiveness between treatments. Primary outcome measures were: WISC III, Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Vineland II, and Movement ABC. RESULTS: MCNT proved to be more effective than SST in the increment of full-scale IQ (p = 0.0220), performance IQ (p < 0.0150), socialization abilities (p = 0.0220), and behavior (p = 0.0016). No improvement was observed in motor abilities. Both treatments were linked to improvements in verbal memory, selective attention, planning, and language comprehension. Finally, children in the SST group showed a significant worsening in their behavior. CONCLUSION: Our data show that an intensive and multimodal treatment is more effective than a single domain treatment for improving intellectual, adaptive and behavioral functioning in children with BIF. These improvements are relevant as they might represent protective factors against the risk of school failure, poverty and psychopathology to which children with BIF are exposed in the adult age. Limitations of the study are represented by the small number of subjects and the lack of a no-treatment group. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN Registry (isrctn.com), identifier ISRCTN81710297.
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spelling pubmed-71864162020-05-05 Intervening on the Developmental Course of Children With Borderline Intellectual Functioning With a Multimodal Intervention: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial Blasi, Valeria Zanette, Michela Baglio, Gisella Giangiacomo, Alice Di Tella, Sonia Canevini, Maria Paola Walder, Mauro Clerici, Mario Baglio, Francesca Front Psychol Psychology An adverse social environment is a major risk factor for borderline intellectual functioning (BIF), a condition characterized by an intelligence quotient (IQ) within the low range of normality (70–85) with difficulties in the academic achievements and adaptive behavior. Children with BIF show impairments in planning, language, movement, emotion regulation, and social abilities. Moreover, the BIF condition exposes children to an increased risk of school failures and the development of mental health problems, and poverty in adulthood. Thus, an early and effective intervention capable of improving the neurodevelopmental trajectory of children with BIF is of great relevance. AIM: The present work aims to report the results of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in which an intensive, integrated and innovative intervention, the movement cognition and narration of the emotions (MCNT) was compared to standard speech therapy (SST) for the treatment of children with BIF. METHODS: This was a multicenter, interventional, single blind RCT with two groups of children with BIF: the experimental treatment (MCNT) and the treatment as usual (SST). A mixed factorial ANOVA was carried out to assess differences in the effectiveness between treatments. Primary outcome measures were: WISC III, Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Vineland II, and Movement ABC. RESULTS: MCNT proved to be more effective than SST in the increment of full-scale IQ (p = 0.0220), performance IQ (p < 0.0150), socialization abilities (p = 0.0220), and behavior (p = 0.0016). No improvement was observed in motor abilities. Both treatments were linked to improvements in verbal memory, selective attention, planning, and language comprehension. Finally, children in the SST group showed a significant worsening in their behavior. CONCLUSION: Our data show that an intensive and multimodal treatment is more effective than a single domain treatment for improving intellectual, adaptive and behavioral functioning in children with BIF. These improvements are relevant as they might represent protective factors against the risk of school failure, poverty and psychopathology to which children with BIF are exposed in the adult age. Limitations of the study are represented by the small number of subjects and the lack of a no-treatment group. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN Registry (isrctn.com), identifier ISRCTN81710297. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7186416/ /pubmed/32373025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00679 Text en Copyright © 2020 Blasi, Zanette, Baglio, Giangiacomo, Di Tella, Canevini, Walder, Clerici, Baglio and the BIF Group. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Blasi, Valeria
Zanette, Michela
Baglio, Gisella
Giangiacomo, Alice
Di Tella, Sonia
Canevini, Maria Paola
Walder, Mauro
Clerici, Mario
Baglio, Francesca
Intervening on the Developmental Course of Children With Borderline Intellectual Functioning With a Multimodal Intervention: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial
title Intervening on the Developmental Course of Children With Borderline Intellectual Functioning With a Multimodal Intervention: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full Intervening on the Developmental Course of Children With Borderline Intellectual Functioning With a Multimodal Intervention: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_fullStr Intervening on the Developmental Course of Children With Borderline Intellectual Functioning With a Multimodal Intervention: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full_unstemmed Intervening on the Developmental Course of Children With Borderline Intellectual Functioning With a Multimodal Intervention: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_short Intervening on the Developmental Course of Children With Borderline Intellectual Functioning With a Multimodal Intervention: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_sort intervening on the developmental course of children with borderline intellectual functioning with a multimodal intervention: results from a randomized controlled trial
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186416/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32373025
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00679
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