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Epidemiology of antenatal depression in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Antenatal depression is a serious problem worldwide that has devastating consequences not only for the mother but also for the child and family. The pooled evidence regarding the prevalence and associated factors of antenatal depression is rare in Africa. Hence this review aimed to inves...

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Autores principales: Dadi, Abel Fekadu, Wolde, Haileab Fekadu, Baraki, Adhanom Gebreegziabher, Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7189721/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32345263
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-02929-5
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author Dadi, Abel Fekadu
Wolde, Haileab Fekadu
Baraki, Adhanom Gebreegziabher
Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie
author_facet Dadi, Abel Fekadu
Wolde, Haileab Fekadu
Baraki, Adhanom Gebreegziabher
Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie
author_sort Dadi, Abel Fekadu
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Antenatal depression is a serious problem worldwide that has devastating consequences not only for the mother but also for the child and family. The pooled evidence regarding the prevalence and associated factors of antenatal depression is rare in Africa. Hence this review aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of antenatal depression in Africa. METHODS: We searched CINHAL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Psychiatry online, PubMed, SCOPES, and Emcare databases for English written observational studies conducted in Africa from 2007 to 2018.Quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS), and studies with good quality were included in the final review. Heterogeneity across studies was assessed using the I(2) and Higgins test. Publication bias was checked using Funnel plot symmetry, and Egger’s regression test and adjustment was made by using Duval and Tweedie’s Trim and Fill analysis. A random effect Meta-analysis was employed to determine the pooled estimates with 95% confidence interval (CI). Stata 14 was used for analysis. The review protocol has been registered in PROSPERO number CRD42018106717. RESULT: Of the 175 studies identified, 28 studies with an overall sample size of 17,938 were included. According to the random effect model following trim and fill analysis, the pooled prevalence of antenatal depression in Africa was 26.3% (95%CI: 22.2, 30.4%). Economic difficulties [POR = 1.87;95%CI:1.25,2.78,I(2) = 88.1%], unfavorable marital condition [POR = 4.17;95% CI:1.75, 9.94, I(2) = 81.2%], poor support from relatives [POR = 1.36;95% CI:1.18, 1.56, I(2) = 78.0%], bad obstetric history [POR = 2.30;95% CI:1.81, 2.92), I(2) = 81.7%], and history of mental health problem [POR = 2.97; 95% CI:1.74, 5.06, I(2) = 92.0%]were the factors associated with antenatal depression. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of antenatal depression is high in Africa, which showed that one in four pregnant women had depression. Pregnant mothers who had economic difficulties, bad obstetric history, poor support from relatives, previous mental health problems, and unfavorable marital conditions were at higher risk of antenatal depression. Therefore these factors should be considered while designing mental health care services for pregnant mothers.
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spelling pubmed-71897212020-05-04 Epidemiology of antenatal depression in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis Dadi, Abel Fekadu Wolde, Haileab Fekadu Baraki, Adhanom Gebreegziabher Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie BMC Pregnancy Childbirth Research Article BACKGROUND: Antenatal depression is a serious problem worldwide that has devastating consequences not only for the mother but also for the child and family. The pooled evidence regarding the prevalence and associated factors of antenatal depression is rare in Africa. Hence this review aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of antenatal depression in Africa. METHODS: We searched CINHAL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Psychiatry online, PubMed, SCOPES, and Emcare databases for English written observational studies conducted in Africa from 2007 to 2018.Quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS), and studies with good quality were included in the final review. Heterogeneity across studies was assessed using the I(2) and Higgins test. Publication bias was checked using Funnel plot symmetry, and Egger’s regression test and adjustment was made by using Duval and Tweedie’s Trim and Fill analysis. A random effect Meta-analysis was employed to determine the pooled estimates with 95% confidence interval (CI). Stata 14 was used for analysis. The review protocol has been registered in PROSPERO number CRD42018106717. RESULT: Of the 175 studies identified, 28 studies with an overall sample size of 17,938 were included. According to the random effect model following trim and fill analysis, the pooled prevalence of antenatal depression in Africa was 26.3% (95%CI: 22.2, 30.4%). Economic difficulties [POR = 1.87;95%CI:1.25,2.78,I(2) = 88.1%], unfavorable marital condition [POR = 4.17;95% CI:1.75, 9.94, I(2) = 81.2%], poor support from relatives [POR = 1.36;95% CI:1.18, 1.56, I(2) = 78.0%], bad obstetric history [POR = 2.30;95% CI:1.81, 2.92), I(2) = 81.7%], and history of mental health problem [POR = 2.97; 95% CI:1.74, 5.06, I(2) = 92.0%]were the factors associated with antenatal depression. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of antenatal depression is high in Africa, which showed that one in four pregnant women had depression. Pregnant mothers who had economic difficulties, bad obstetric history, poor support from relatives, previous mental health problems, and unfavorable marital conditions were at higher risk of antenatal depression. Therefore these factors should be considered while designing mental health care services for pregnant mothers. BioMed Central 2020-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7189721/ /pubmed/32345263 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-02929-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Dadi, Abel Fekadu
Wolde, Haileab Fekadu
Baraki, Adhanom Gebreegziabher
Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie
Epidemiology of antenatal depression in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title Epidemiology of antenatal depression in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Epidemiology of antenatal depression in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Epidemiology of antenatal depression in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology of antenatal depression in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Epidemiology of antenatal depression in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort epidemiology of antenatal depression in africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7189721/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32345263
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-02929-5
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