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Ag- or Cu-modified geopolymer filters for water treatment manufactured by 3D printing, direct foaming, or granulation
In this work, we compared the main characteristics of highly porous geopolymer components for water treatment applications manufactured by 3D printing, direct foaming, or granulation. Furthermore, different approaches to impregnate the materials with Ag or Cu were evaluated to obtain filters with di...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7190745/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32350343 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64228-5 |
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author | Luukkonen, Tero Yliniemi, Juho Sreenivasan, Harisankar Ohenoja, Katja Finnilä, Mikko Franchin, Giorgia Colombo, Paolo |
author_facet | Luukkonen, Tero Yliniemi, Juho Sreenivasan, Harisankar Ohenoja, Katja Finnilä, Mikko Franchin, Giorgia Colombo, Paolo |
author_sort | Luukkonen, Tero |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this work, we compared the main characteristics of highly porous geopolymer components for water treatment applications manufactured by 3D printing, direct foaming, or granulation. Furthermore, different approaches to impregnate the materials with Ag or Cu were evaluated to obtain filters with disinfecting or catalytic properties. The results revealed that all of the investigated manufacturing methods enabled the fabrication of components that possessed mesoporosity, suitable mechanical strength, and water permeability, even though their morphologies were completely different. Total porosity and compressive strength values were 28 vol% and 16 MPa for 3D-printed, 70–79 vol% and 1 MPa for direct-foamed, and 27 vol% and 10 MPa for granule samples. Both the filter preparation and the metal impregnation method affected the amount, oxidation state, and stability of Ag and Cu in the filters. However, it was possible to prepare filters with low metal leaching between a pH of 3–7, so that the released Ag and Cu concentrations were within drinking water standards. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7190745 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71907452020-05-05 Ag- or Cu-modified geopolymer filters for water treatment manufactured by 3D printing, direct foaming, or granulation Luukkonen, Tero Yliniemi, Juho Sreenivasan, Harisankar Ohenoja, Katja Finnilä, Mikko Franchin, Giorgia Colombo, Paolo Sci Rep Article In this work, we compared the main characteristics of highly porous geopolymer components for water treatment applications manufactured by 3D printing, direct foaming, or granulation. Furthermore, different approaches to impregnate the materials with Ag or Cu were evaluated to obtain filters with disinfecting or catalytic properties. The results revealed that all of the investigated manufacturing methods enabled the fabrication of components that possessed mesoporosity, suitable mechanical strength, and water permeability, even though their morphologies were completely different. Total porosity and compressive strength values were 28 vol% and 16 MPa for 3D-printed, 70–79 vol% and 1 MPa for direct-foamed, and 27 vol% and 10 MPa for granule samples. Both the filter preparation and the metal impregnation method affected the amount, oxidation state, and stability of Ag and Cu in the filters. However, it was possible to prepare filters with low metal leaching between a pH of 3–7, so that the released Ag and Cu concentrations were within drinking water standards. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-04-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7190745/ /pubmed/32350343 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64228-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Luukkonen, Tero Yliniemi, Juho Sreenivasan, Harisankar Ohenoja, Katja Finnilä, Mikko Franchin, Giorgia Colombo, Paolo Ag- or Cu-modified geopolymer filters for water treatment manufactured by 3D printing, direct foaming, or granulation |
title | Ag- or Cu-modified geopolymer filters for water treatment manufactured by 3D printing, direct foaming, or granulation |
title_full | Ag- or Cu-modified geopolymer filters for water treatment manufactured by 3D printing, direct foaming, or granulation |
title_fullStr | Ag- or Cu-modified geopolymer filters for water treatment manufactured by 3D printing, direct foaming, or granulation |
title_full_unstemmed | Ag- or Cu-modified geopolymer filters for water treatment manufactured by 3D printing, direct foaming, or granulation |
title_short | Ag- or Cu-modified geopolymer filters for water treatment manufactured by 3D printing, direct foaming, or granulation |
title_sort | ag- or cu-modified geopolymer filters for water treatment manufactured by 3d printing, direct foaming, or granulation |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7190745/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32350343 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64228-5 |
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