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Interleaflet Coupling of Lipid Nanodomains – Insights From in vitro Systems
The plasma membrane is a complex system, consisting of two layers of lipids and proteins compartmentalized into small structures called nanodomains. Despite the asymmetric composition of both leaflets, coupling between the layers is surprisingly strong. This can be evidenced, for example, by recent...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7198703/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32411705 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00284 |
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author | Sarmento, Maria J. Hof, Martin Šachl, Radek |
author_facet | Sarmento, Maria J. Hof, Martin Šachl, Radek |
author_sort | Sarmento, Maria J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The plasma membrane is a complex system, consisting of two layers of lipids and proteins compartmentalized into small structures called nanodomains. Despite the asymmetric composition of both leaflets, coupling between the layers is surprisingly strong. This can be evidenced, for example, by recent experimental studies performed on phospholipid giant unilamellar vesicles showing that nanodomains formed in the outer layer are perfectly registered with those in the inner leaflet. Similarly, microscopic phase separation in one leaflet can induce phase separation in the opposing leaflet that would otherwise be homogeneous. In this review, we summarize the current theoretical and experimental knowledge that led to the current view that domains are – irrespective of their size – commonly registered across the bilayer. Mechanisms inducing registration of nanodomains suggested by theory and calculations are discussed. Furthermore, domain coupling is evidenced by experimental studies based on the sparse number of methods that can resolve registered from independent nanodomains. Finally, implications that those findings using model membrane studies might have for cellular membranes are discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7198703 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-71987032020-05-14 Interleaflet Coupling of Lipid Nanodomains – Insights From in vitro Systems Sarmento, Maria J. Hof, Martin Šachl, Radek Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology The plasma membrane is a complex system, consisting of two layers of lipids and proteins compartmentalized into small structures called nanodomains. Despite the asymmetric composition of both leaflets, coupling between the layers is surprisingly strong. This can be evidenced, for example, by recent experimental studies performed on phospholipid giant unilamellar vesicles showing that nanodomains formed in the outer layer are perfectly registered with those in the inner leaflet. Similarly, microscopic phase separation in one leaflet can induce phase separation in the opposing leaflet that would otherwise be homogeneous. In this review, we summarize the current theoretical and experimental knowledge that led to the current view that domains are – irrespective of their size – commonly registered across the bilayer. Mechanisms inducing registration of nanodomains suggested by theory and calculations are discussed. Furthermore, domain coupling is evidenced by experimental studies based on the sparse number of methods that can resolve registered from independent nanodomains. Finally, implications that those findings using model membrane studies might have for cellular membranes are discussed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7198703/ /pubmed/32411705 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00284 Text en Copyright © 2020 Sarmento, Hof and Šachl. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cell and Developmental Biology Sarmento, Maria J. Hof, Martin Šachl, Radek Interleaflet Coupling of Lipid Nanodomains – Insights From in vitro Systems |
title | Interleaflet Coupling of Lipid Nanodomains – Insights From in vitro Systems |
title_full | Interleaflet Coupling of Lipid Nanodomains – Insights From in vitro Systems |
title_fullStr | Interleaflet Coupling of Lipid Nanodomains – Insights From in vitro Systems |
title_full_unstemmed | Interleaflet Coupling of Lipid Nanodomains – Insights From in vitro Systems |
title_short | Interleaflet Coupling of Lipid Nanodomains – Insights From in vitro Systems |
title_sort | interleaflet coupling of lipid nanodomains – insights from in vitro systems |
topic | Cell and Developmental Biology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7198703/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32411705 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00284 |
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