Determinants of Risk Factors for Renal Impairment among HIV-Infected Patients Treated with Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate-Based Antiretroviral Regimen in Southern Vietnam

BACKGROUND: The situation of renal impairment among HIV-infected patients treated with TDF-based antiretroviral (ARV) regimen greater than 3 years is little known when TDF use has been promptly increasing in Vietnam. METHODS: We analyse demographic and clinical data from a cross-sectional survey of 400 HIV-infected patients aged ≥18 years, who were treatment-naive or switched TDF regimen within over 3 years between November 2018 and March 2019. Serological tests for serum creatinine, ALT, and AST were performed. Renal impairment was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Multivariate regression analyses were used to explore the risk factors associated with renal impairment. RESULTS: At the baseline, 7.8% of respondents had estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30–59 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and 0.8% had eGFR of 15–29 mL/min/1.73 m(2), out of 34 (8.5%) of participants who had renal impairment. Multivariate analysis showed that participants who had preexposure to isoniazid (adjusted PR [aPR] = 0.35 Cl: 0.14–0.91) compared with nonexposure to isoniazid who had a BMI from 18.5 up to 25 kg/m(2) (aPR = 0.31 Cl: 0.15–0.62) compared with BMI below 18.5 kg/m(2) were less likely to suffer from renal impairment. Patients aged greater than 60 years (aPR = 26.75, 95% Cl: 3.38–211.62) compared with those aged 20–29 years were more likely to have increased risk of renal impairment. CONCLUSION: Our findings underscore the need for longitudinal studies to assess the influence of TDF on maintaining the low prevalence of renal impairment among HIV-infected patients in Vietnam.