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Effects of maternal dietary nitrate supplementation during the perinatal period on piglet survival, body weight, and litter uniformity

The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of different dosages of dietary nitrate supplementation to sows from d 108 of gestation until d 5 of lactation on reproductive performance of sows and piglet performance from birth until weaning. Dietary nitrate supplementation leads to nitric oxid...

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Autores principales: van den Bosch, Moniek, Wijnen, Jan, van de Linde, Irene B, van Wesel, Ad A M, Melchior, Delphine, Kemp, Bas, Clouard, Caroline, van den Brand, Henry
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7200544/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32704817
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txy137
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author van den Bosch, Moniek
Wijnen, Jan
van de Linde, Irene B
van Wesel, Ad A M
Melchior, Delphine
Kemp, Bas
Clouard, Caroline
van den Brand, Henry
author_facet van den Bosch, Moniek
Wijnen, Jan
van de Linde, Irene B
van Wesel, Ad A M
Melchior, Delphine
Kemp, Bas
Clouard, Caroline
van den Brand, Henry
author_sort van den Bosch, Moniek
collection PubMed
description The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of different dosages of dietary nitrate supplementation to sows from d 108 of gestation until d 5 of lactation on reproductive performance of sows and piglet performance from birth until weaning. Dietary nitrate supplementation leads to nitric oxide (NO) formation that can potentially increase blood flow to the fetuses (by the vasodilative effect of NO), leading to a decrease in the loss of potential viable piglets in the form of stillbirth and preweaning mortality. Three hundred and five gilts and sows were allocated to one of six diets from d 108 of gestation until d 5 of lactation, containing 0.00% (Control), 0.03%, 0.06%, 0.09%, 0.12%, or 0.15% of dietary nitrate. The source of nitrate used was calcium nitrate double salt. Calcium levels were kept the same among diets by using limestone. Gilts and sows were weighed and backfat was measured at arrival to the farrowing room (d 108 of gestation) and at weaning (d 27 of age). Data included number of piglets born alive, born dead, and weaned, as well as individual piglet weights at d 0, 72 h of age and weaning. Preweaning mortality was determined throughout lactation. Body weight d 0 (P = 0.04) as well as BW at 72 h of age (P < 0.01) increased linearly with increasing dosages of nitrate in the maternal diet. Litter uniformity (SD) at birth was not affected by maternal nitrate supplementation level (P > 0.10), but tended to be higher at 72 h of age in the control treatment than in all nitrate-supplemented treatments (P = 0.07), and SD decreased linearly (increased uniformity) at weaning with increasing dosages of nitrate (P = 0.05). BW at weaning (P > 0.05) and average daily gain of piglets during lactation (P > 0.05) were not affected by maternal nitrate supplementation. A tendency for a quadratic effect (P = 0.10) of the dosage of maternal dietary nitrate was found on preweaning mortality of piglets with the lowest level of mortality found at 0.09% to 0.12% of maternal nitrate supplementation. We conclude that the use of nitrate in the maternal diet of sows during the perinatal period might stimulate preweaning piglet vitality. Exact mode of action and optimal dose of nitrate still need to be elucidated.
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spelling pubmed-72005442020-07-22 Effects of maternal dietary nitrate supplementation during the perinatal period on piglet survival, body weight, and litter uniformity van den Bosch, Moniek Wijnen, Jan van de Linde, Irene B van Wesel, Ad A M Melchior, Delphine Kemp, Bas Clouard, Caroline van den Brand, Henry Transl Anim Sci Reproduction The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of different dosages of dietary nitrate supplementation to sows from d 108 of gestation until d 5 of lactation on reproductive performance of sows and piglet performance from birth until weaning. Dietary nitrate supplementation leads to nitric oxide (NO) formation that can potentially increase blood flow to the fetuses (by the vasodilative effect of NO), leading to a decrease in the loss of potential viable piglets in the form of stillbirth and preweaning mortality. Three hundred and five gilts and sows were allocated to one of six diets from d 108 of gestation until d 5 of lactation, containing 0.00% (Control), 0.03%, 0.06%, 0.09%, 0.12%, or 0.15% of dietary nitrate. The source of nitrate used was calcium nitrate double salt. Calcium levels were kept the same among diets by using limestone. Gilts and sows were weighed and backfat was measured at arrival to the farrowing room (d 108 of gestation) and at weaning (d 27 of age). Data included number of piglets born alive, born dead, and weaned, as well as individual piglet weights at d 0, 72 h of age and weaning. Preweaning mortality was determined throughout lactation. Body weight d 0 (P = 0.04) as well as BW at 72 h of age (P < 0.01) increased linearly with increasing dosages of nitrate in the maternal diet. Litter uniformity (SD) at birth was not affected by maternal nitrate supplementation level (P > 0.10), but tended to be higher at 72 h of age in the control treatment than in all nitrate-supplemented treatments (P = 0.07), and SD decreased linearly (increased uniformity) at weaning with increasing dosages of nitrate (P = 0.05). BW at weaning (P > 0.05) and average daily gain of piglets during lactation (P > 0.05) were not affected by maternal nitrate supplementation. A tendency for a quadratic effect (P = 0.10) of the dosage of maternal dietary nitrate was found on preweaning mortality of piglets with the lowest level of mortality found at 0.09% to 0.12% of maternal nitrate supplementation. We conclude that the use of nitrate in the maternal diet of sows during the perinatal period might stimulate preweaning piglet vitality. Exact mode of action and optimal dose of nitrate still need to be elucidated. Oxford University Press 2019-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7200544/ /pubmed/32704817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txy137 Text en © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Reproduction
van den Bosch, Moniek
Wijnen, Jan
van de Linde, Irene B
van Wesel, Ad A M
Melchior, Delphine
Kemp, Bas
Clouard, Caroline
van den Brand, Henry
Effects of maternal dietary nitrate supplementation during the perinatal period on piglet survival, body weight, and litter uniformity
title Effects of maternal dietary nitrate supplementation during the perinatal period on piglet survival, body weight, and litter uniformity
title_full Effects of maternal dietary nitrate supplementation during the perinatal period on piglet survival, body weight, and litter uniformity
title_fullStr Effects of maternal dietary nitrate supplementation during the perinatal period on piglet survival, body weight, and litter uniformity
title_full_unstemmed Effects of maternal dietary nitrate supplementation during the perinatal period on piglet survival, body weight, and litter uniformity
title_short Effects of maternal dietary nitrate supplementation during the perinatal period on piglet survival, body weight, and litter uniformity
title_sort effects of maternal dietary nitrate supplementation during the perinatal period on piglet survival, body weight, and litter uniformity
topic Reproduction
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7200544/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32704817
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txy137
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