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The road to the structure of the mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplex

The four complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain are critical for ATP production in most eukaryotic cells. Structural characterisation of these complexes has been critical for understanding the mechanisms underpinning their function. The three proton-pumping complexes, Complexes I, III and...

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Autores principales: Caruana, Nikeisha J., Stroud, David A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Portland Press Ltd. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7200630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32311046
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST20190930
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author Caruana, Nikeisha J.
Stroud, David A.
author_facet Caruana, Nikeisha J.
Stroud, David A.
author_sort Caruana, Nikeisha J.
collection PubMed
description The four complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain are critical for ATP production in most eukaryotic cells. Structural characterisation of these complexes has been critical for understanding the mechanisms underpinning their function. The three proton-pumping complexes, Complexes I, III and IV associate to form stable supercomplexes or respirasomes, the most abundant form containing 80 subunits in mammals. Multiple functions have been proposed for the supercomplexes, including enhancing the diffusion of electron carriers, providing stability for the complexes and protection against reactive oxygen species. Although high-resolution structures for Complexes III and IV were determined by X-ray crystallography in the 1990s, the size of Complex I and the supercomplexes necessitated advances in sample preparation and the development of cryo-electron microscopy techniques. We now enjoy structures for these beautiful complexes isolated from multiple organisms and in multiple states and together they provide important insights into respiratory chain function and the role of the supercomplex. While we as non-structural biologists use these structures for interpreting our own functional data, we need to remind ourselves that they stand on the shoulders of a large body of previous structural studies, many of which are still appropriate for use in understanding our results. In this mini-review, we discuss the history of respiratory chain structural biology studies leading to the structures of the mammalian supercomplexes and beyond.
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spelling pubmed-72006302020-05-13 The road to the structure of the mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplex Caruana, Nikeisha J. Stroud, David A. Biochem Soc Trans Review Articles The four complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain are critical for ATP production in most eukaryotic cells. Structural characterisation of these complexes has been critical for understanding the mechanisms underpinning their function. The three proton-pumping complexes, Complexes I, III and IV associate to form stable supercomplexes or respirasomes, the most abundant form containing 80 subunits in mammals. Multiple functions have been proposed for the supercomplexes, including enhancing the diffusion of electron carriers, providing stability for the complexes and protection against reactive oxygen species. Although high-resolution structures for Complexes III and IV were determined by X-ray crystallography in the 1990s, the size of Complex I and the supercomplexes necessitated advances in sample preparation and the development of cryo-electron microscopy techniques. We now enjoy structures for these beautiful complexes isolated from multiple organisms and in multiple states and together they provide important insights into respiratory chain function and the role of the supercomplex. While we as non-structural biologists use these structures for interpreting our own functional data, we need to remind ourselves that they stand on the shoulders of a large body of previous structural studies, many of which are still appropriate for use in understanding our results. In this mini-review, we discuss the history of respiratory chain structural biology studies leading to the structures of the mammalian supercomplexes and beyond. Portland Press Ltd. 2020-04-29 2020-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7200630/ /pubmed/32311046 http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST20190930 Text en © 2020 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . Open access for this article was enabled by the participation of the University of Melbourne in an all-inclusive Read & Publish pilot with Portland Press and the Biochemical Society under a transformative agreement with CAUL.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Caruana, Nikeisha J.
Stroud, David A.
The road to the structure of the mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplex
title The road to the structure of the mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplex
title_full The road to the structure of the mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplex
title_fullStr The road to the structure of the mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplex
title_full_unstemmed The road to the structure of the mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplex
title_short The road to the structure of the mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplex
title_sort road to the structure of the mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplex
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7200630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32311046
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST20190930
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