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Ciliary vortex flows and oxygen dynamics in the coral boundary layer

The exchange of metabolites between environment and coral tissue depends on the flux across the diffusive boundary layer (DBL) surrounding the tissue. Cilia covering the coral tissue have been shown to create vortices that enhance mixing in the DBL in stagnant water. To study the role of cilia under...

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Autores principales: Pacherres, Cesar O., Ahmerkamp, Soeren, Schmidt-Grieb, Gertraud M., Holtappels, Moritz, Richter, Claudio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7200650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32372014
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64420-7
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author Pacherres, Cesar O.
Ahmerkamp, Soeren
Schmidt-Grieb, Gertraud M.
Holtappels, Moritz
Richter, Claudio
author_facet Pacherres, Cesar O.
Ahmerkamp, Soeren
Schmidt-Grieb, Gertraud M.
Holtappels, Moritz
Richter, Claudio
author_sort Pacherres, Cesar O.
collection PubMed
description The exchange of metabolites between environment and coral tissue depends on the flux across the diffusive boundary layer (DBL) surrounding the tissue. Cilia covering the coral tissue have been shown to create vortices that enhance mixing in the DBL in stagnant water. To study the role of cilia under simulated ambient currents, we designed a new light-sheet microscopy based flow chamber setup. Microparticle velocimetry was combined with high-resolution oxygen profiling in the coral Porites lutea under varying current and light conditions with natural and arrested cilia beating. Cilia-generated vortices in the lower DBL mitigated extreme oxygen concentrations close to the tissue surface. Under light and arrested cilia, oxygen surplus at the tissue surface increased to 350 µM above ambient, in contrast to 25 µM under ciliary beating. Oxygen shortage in darkness decreased from 120 µM (cilia arrested) to 86 µM (cilia active) below ambient. Ciliary redistribution of oxygen had no effect on the photosynthetic efficiency of the photosymbionts and overall oxygen flux across the DBL indicating that oxygen production and consumption was not affected. We found that corals actively change their environment and suggest that ciliary flows serve predominantly as a homeostatic control mechanism which may play a crucial role in coral stress response and resilience.
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spelling pubmed-72006502020-05-12 Ciliary vortex flows and oxygen dynamics in the coral boundary layer Pacherres, Cesar O. Ahmerkamp, Soeren Schmidt-Grieb, Gertraud M. Holtappels, Moritz Richter, Claudio Sci Rep Article The exchange of metabolites between environment and coral tissue depends on the flux across the diffusive boundary layer (DBL) surrounding the tissue. Cilia covering the coral tissue have been shown to create vortices that enhance mixing in the DBL in stagnant water. To study the role of cilia under simulated ambient currents, we designed a new light-sheet microscopy based flow chamber setup. Microparticle velocimetry was combined with high-resolution oxygen profiling in the coral Porites lutea under varying current and light conditions with natural and arrested cilia beating. Cilia-generated vortices in the lower DBL mitigated extreme oxygen concentrations close to the tissue surface. Under light and arrested cilia, oxygen surplus at the tissue surface increased to 350 µM above ambient, in contrast to 25 µM under ciliary beating. Oxygen shortage in darkness decreased from 120 µM (cilia arrested) to 86 µM (cilia active) below ambient. Ciliary redistribution of oxygen had no effect on the photosynthetic efficiency of the photosymbionts and overall oxygen flux across the DBL indicating that oxygen production and consumption was not affected. We found that corals actively change their environment and suggest that ciliary flows serve predominantly as a homeostatic control mechanism which may play a crucial role in coral stress response and resilience. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-05-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7200650/ /pubmed/32372014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64420-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Pacherres, Cesar O.
Ahmerkamp, Soeren
Schmidt-Grieb, Gertraud M.
Holtappels, Moritz
Richter, Claudio
Ciliary vortex flows and oxygen dynamics in the coral boundary layer
title Ciliary vortex flows and oxygen dynamics in the coral boundary layer
title_full Ciliary vortex flows and oxygen dynamics in the coral boundary layer
title_fullStr Ciliary vortex flows and oxygen dynamics in the coral boundary layer
title_full_unstemmed Ciliary vortex flows and oxygen dynamics in the coral boundary layer
title_short Ciliary vortex flows and oxygen dynamics in the coral boundary layer
title_sort ciliary vortex flows and oxygen dynamics in the coral boundary layer
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7200650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32372014
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64420-7
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