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CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli
Immunoprotective function of oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG-ODN) has been demonstrated in neonatal chickens against common bacterial pathogens such as E.coli and Salmonella sp. Our recent study reported that CpG-ODN administration enriches immune compartments in neonatal chicks. Ho...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7201825/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32411791 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2704728 |
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author | Gunawardana, Thushari Ahmed, Khawaja Ashfaque Goonewardene, Kalhari Popowich, Shelly Kurukulasuriya, Shanika Karunarathana, Ruwani Ayalew, Lisanework E. Gupta, Ashish Lockerbie, Betty Foldvari, Marianna Tikoo, Suresh K. Willson, Philip Gomis, Susantha |
author_facet | Gunawardana, Thushari Ahmed, Khawaja Ashfaque Goonewardene, Kalhari Popowich, Shelly Kurukulasuriya, Shanika Karunarathana, Ruwani Ayalew, Lisanework E. Gupta, Ashish Lockerbie, Betty Foldvari, Marianna Tikoo, Suresh K. Willson, Philip Gomis, Susantha |
author_sort | Gunawardana, Thushari |
collection | PubMed |
description | Immunoprotective function of oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG-ODN) has been demonstrated in neonatal chickens against common bacterial pathogens such as E.coli and Salmonella sp. Our recent study reported that CpG-ODN administration enriches immune compartments in neonatal chicks. However, a causal relationship between CpG-ODN-induced immune enrichment and protective mechanisms remains unestablished. In this study, we investigated in ovo administered CpG-ODN-mediated immune cell recruitment in the immunological niches in lymphoid (spleen) and nonlymphoid (lungs) organs using various doses of CpG-ODN and examined whether the immunological profiles have any correlation with immunoprotection against E.coli infection. Eighteen-day-old embryonated eggs were injected with either 5, 10, 25, and 50 μg of CpG-ODN or saline (n = ~40 per group). On the day of hatch (72 hr after CpG-ODN treatment), we collected the spleen and lungs (n = 3‐4 per group) and examined the recruitment of macrophages/monocytes, their expression of MHCII and CD40, and the number of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell subsets in the immunological niches in the spleen and lungs using flow cytometry. We observed the dose-dependent recruitment of immune cells, wherein 25 μg and 50 μg of CpG-ODN induced significant enrichment of immunological niches in both the spleen and the lungs. Four days after the CpG-ODN treatment (1-day after hatch), chicks were challenged with a virulent strain of E. coli (1 × 10(4) or 1 × 10(5) cfu, subcutaneously). Clinical outcome and mortality were monitored for 8 days postchallenge. We found that both 25 μg and 50 μg of CpG-ODN provided significant protection and reduced clinical scores compared to saline controls against E. coli infection. Overall, the present study revealed that CpG-ODNs orchestrate immunological niches in neonatal chickens in a dose-dependent manner that resulted in differential protection against E. coli infection, thus supporting a cause and effect relationship between CpG-ODN-induced immune enrichment and the antibacterial immunity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7201825 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72018252020-05-14 CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli Gunawardana, Thushari Ahmed, Khawaja Ashfaque Goonewardene, Kalhari Popowich, Shelly Kurukulasuriya, Shanika Karunarathana, Ruwani Ayalew, Lisanework E. Gupta, Ashish Lockerbie, Betty Foldvari, Marianna Tikoo, Suresh K. Willson, Philip Gomis, Susantha J Immunol Res Research Article Immunoprotective function of oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG-ODN) has been demonstrated in neonatal chickens against common bacterial pathogens such as E.coli and Salmonella sp. Our recent study reported that CpG-ODN administration enriches immune compartments in neonatal chicks. However, a causal relationship between CpG-ODN-induced immune enrichment and protective mechanisms remains unestablished. In this study, we investigated in ovo administered CpG-ODN-mediated immune cell recruitment in the immunological niches in lymphoid (spleen) and nonlymphoid (lungs) organs using various doses of CpG-ODN and examined whether the immunological profiles have any correlation with immunoprotection against E.coli infection. Eighteen-day-old embryonated eggs were injected with either 5, 10, 25, and 50 μg of CpG-ODN or saline (n = ~40 per group). On the day of hatch (72 hr after CpG-ODN treatment), we collected the spleen and lungs (n = 3‐4 per group) and examined the recruitment of macrophages/monocytes, their expression of MHCII and CD40, and the number of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell subsets in the immunological niches in the spleen and lungs using flow cytometry. We observed the dose-dependent recruitment of immune cells, wherein 25 μg and 50 μg of CpG-ODN induced significant enrichment of immunological niches in both the spleen and the lungs. Four days after the CpG-ODN treatment (1-day after hatch), chicks were challenged with a virulent strain of E. coli (1 × 10(4) or 1 × 10(5) cfu, subcutaneously). Clinical outcome and mortality were monitored for 8 days postchallenge. We found that both 25 μg and 50 μg of CpG-ODN provided significant protection and reduced clinical scores compared to saline controls against E. coli infection. Overall, the present study revealed that CpG-ODNs orchestrate immunological niches in neonatal chickens in a dose-dependent manner that resulted in differential protection against E. coli infection, thus supporting a cause and effect relationship between CpG-ODN-induced immune enrichment and the antibacterial immunity. Hindawi 2020-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7201825/ /pubmed/32411791 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2704728 Text en Copyright © 2020 Thushari Gunawardana et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Gunawardana, Thushari Ahmed, Khawaja Ashfaque Goonewardene, Kalhari Popowich, Shelly Kurukulasuriya, Shanika Karunarathana, Ruwani Ayalew, Lisanework E. Gupta, Ashish Lockerbie, Betty Foldvari, Marianna Tikoo, Suresh K. Willson, Philip Gomis, Susantha CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli |
title | CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli |
title_full | CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli |
title_fullStr | CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli |
title_full_unstemmed | CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli |
title_short | CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli |
title_sort | cpg-odn induces a dose-dependent enrichment of immunological niches in the spleen and lungs of neonatal chicks that correlates with the protective immunity against escherichia coli |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7201825/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32411791 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2704728 |
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