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Current and Future Point-of-Care Tests for Emerging and New Respiratory Viruses and Future Perspectives

The availability of pathogen-specific treatment options for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) increased the need for rapid diagnostic tests. Besides, retrospective studies, improved lab-based detection methods and the intensified search for new viruses since the beginning of the twenty-first centu...

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Autores principales: Nelson, Philipp P., Rath, Barbara A., Fragkou, Paraskevi C., Antalis, Emmanouil, Tsiodras, Sotirios, Skevaki, Chrysanthi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7202255/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32411619
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00181
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author Nelson, Philipp P.
Rath, Barbara A.
Fragkou, Paraskevi C.
Antalis, Emmanouil
Tsiodras, Sotirios
Skevaki, Chrysanthi
author_facet Nelson, Philipp P.
Rath, Barbara A.
Fragkou, Paraskevi C.
Antalis, Emmanouil
Tsiodras, Sotirios
Skevaki, Chrysanthi
author_sort Nelson, Philipp P.
collection PubMed
description The availability of pathogen-specific treatment options for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) increased the need for rapid diagnostic tests. Besides, retrospective studies, improved lab-based detection methods and the intensified search for new viruses since the beginning of the twenty-first century led to the discovery of several novel respiratory viruses. Among them are human bocavirus (HBoV), human coronaviruses (HCoV-HKU1, -NL63), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), rhinovirus type C (RV-C), and human polyomaviruses (KIPyV, WUPyV). Additionally, new viruses like SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV), novel strains of influenza virus A and B, and (most recently) SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have emerged. Although clinical presentation may be similar among different viruses, associated symptoms may range from a mild cold to a severe respiratory illness, and thus require a fast and reliable diagnosis. The increasing number of commercially available rapid point-of-care tests (POCTs) for respiratory viruses illustrates both the need for this kind of tests but also the problem, i.e., that the majority of such assays has significant limitations. In this review, we summarize recently published characteristics of POCTs and discuss their implications for the treatment of RTIs. The second key aspect of this work is a description of new and innovative diagnostic techniques, ranging from biosensors to novel portable and current lab-based nucleic acid amplification methods with the potential future use in point-of-care settings. While prototypes for some methods already exist, other ideas are still experimental, but all of them give an outlook of what can be expected as the next generation of POCTs.
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spelling pubmed-72022552020-05-14 Current and Future Point-of-Care Tests for Emerging and New Respiratory Viruses and Future Perspectives Nelson, Philipp P. Rath, Barbara A. Fragkou, Paraskevi C. Antalis, Emmanouil Tsiodras, Sotirios Skevaki, Chrysanthi Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology The availability of pathogen-specific treatment options for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) increased the need for rapid diagnostic tests. Besides, retrospective studies, improved lab-based detection methods and the intensified search for new viruses since the beginning of the twenty-first century led to the discovery of several novel respiratory viruses. Among them are human bocavirus (HBoV), human coronaviruses (HCoV-HKU1, -NL63), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), rhinovirus type C (RV-C), and human polyomaviruses (KIPyV, WUPyV). Additionally, new viruses like SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV), novel strains of influenza virus A and B, and (most recently) SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have emerged. Although clinical presentation may be similar among different viruses, associated symptoms may range from a mild cold to a severe respiratory illness, and thus require a fast and reliable diagnosis. The increasing number of commercially available rapid point-of-care tests (POCTs) for respiratory viruses illustrates both the need for this kind of tests but also the problem, i.e., that the majority of such assays has significant limitations. In this review, we summarize recently published characteristics of POCTs and discuss their implications for the treatment of RTIs. The second key aspect of this work is a description of new and innovative diagnostic techniques, ranging from biosensors to novel portable and current lab-based nucleic acid amplification methods with the potential future use in point-of-care settings. While prototypes for some methods already exist, other ideas are still experimental, but all of them give an outlook of what can be expected as the next generation of POCTs. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-04-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7202255/ /pubmed/32411619 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00181 Text en Copyright © 2020 Nelson, Rath, Fragkou, Antalis, Tsiodras and Skevaki. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Nelson, Philipp P.
Rath, Barbara A.
Fragkou, Paraskevi C.
Antalis, Emmanouil
Tsiodras, Sotirios
Skevaki, Chrysanthi
Current and Future Point-of-Care Tests for Emerging and New Respiratory Viruses and Future Perspectives
title Current and Future Point-of-Care Tests for Emerging and New Respiratory Viruses and Future Perspectives
title_full Current and Future Point-of-Care Tests for Emerging and New Respiratory Viruses and Future Perspectives
title_fullStr Current and Future Point-of-Care Tests for Emerging and New Respiratory Viruses and Future Perspectives
title_full_unstemmed Current and Future Point-of-Care Tests for Emerging and New Respiratory Viruses and Future Perspectives
title_short Current and Future Point-of-Care Tests for Emerging and New Respiratory Viruses and Future Perspectives
title_sort current and future point-of-care tests for emerging and new respiratory viruses and future perspectives
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7202255/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32411619
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00181
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