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Clinicopathological and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012–2018)

OBJECTIVES: This retrospective study aimed to describe clinical manifestations, diagnostic options, radiological features, therapeutic plans and outcomes for cats infected with Rhodococcus equi. METHODS: Forty cats aged between 2 months and 11 years old (median 6 months) that were definitively diagn...

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Autores principales: Aslam, Muhammad Waseem, Lau, Seng Fong, Chin, Chelly Sze Lee, Ahmad, Nur Indah, Rahman, Nor-Alimah, Kuppusamy, Krishnammah, Omar, Sharina, Radzi, Rozanaliza
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7206563/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32400257
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612X19886395
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author Aslam, Muhammad Waseem
Lau, Seng Fong
Chin, Chelly Sze Lee
Ahmad, Nur Indah
Rahman, Nor-Alimah
Kuppusamy, Krishnammah
Omar, Sharina
Radzi, Rozanaliza
author_facet Aslam, Muhammad Waseem
Lau, Seng Fong
Chin, Chelly Sze Lee
Ahmad, Nur Indah
Rahman, Nor-Alimah
Kuppusamy, Krishnammah
Omar, Sharina
Radzi, Rozanaliza
author_sort Aslam, Muhammad Waseem
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: This retrospective study aimed to describe clinical manifestations, diagnostic options, radiological features, therapeutic plans and outcomes for cats infected with Rhodococcus equi. METHODS: Forty cats aged between 2 months and 11 years old (median 6 months) that were definitively diagnosed with rhodococcosis between 2012 and 2018 were recruited in this study. Medical records were reviewed for information on signalment, history, clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, treatment plans and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 40 cats, 36 showed the pulmonary form of the disease, with 35 (87.5%) presented with dyspnoea, while four cats presented with only cutaneous lesions. Mean body temperature was 38.7 ± 0.2(°)C. Dyspnoea was noted in 87.5% of the cats. Leukocytosis (58.3%) with band neutrophilia (83.3%), monocytosis (58.3%) and thrombocytopenia (55.5%) were prominent findings in the haematology reports. Hyperproteinaemia (61.1%) with hypoalbuminaemia (22.2%) and hyperglobulinaemia (63.8%) with a low albumin to globulin ratio (38.9%) were prominent features of blood biochemistry reports. An alveolar–interstitial pattern was noted in 75% of pre-thoracocentesis radiographs. Pleural effusion, hepatomegaly, thoracic lymphadenopathy and atelectasis of any lung lobe were seen in 88.9%, 75%, 41.7% and 36.1% of cats, respectively. Overall, the mortality rate was 67.5% in both forms. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Clinicians should be aware that feline rhodococcosis manifests as a pulmonary disease at a much higher rate than previously reported. Further studies are required to address the epidemiology, pathophysiology, disease management and prognosis of feline rhodococcosis. The role of immunosuppression as a predisposing factor in feline rhodococcosis requires further investigation.
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spelling pubmed-72065632020-05-08 Clinicopathological and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012–2018) Aslam, Muhammad Waseem Lau, Seng Fong Chin, Chelly Sze Lee Ahmad, Nur Indah Rahman, Nor-Alimah Kuppusamy, Krishnammah Omar, Sharina Radzi, Rozanaliza J Feline Med Surg Original Article OBJECTIVES: This retrospective study aimed to describe clinical manifestations, diagnostic options, radiological features, therapeutic plans and outcomes for cats infected with Rhodococcus equi. METHODS: Forty cats aged between 2 months and 11 years old (median 6 months) that were definitively diagnosed with rhodococcosis between 2012 and 2018 were recruited in this study. Medical records were reviewed for information on signalment, history, clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, treatment plans and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 40 cats, 36 showed the pulmonary form of the disease, with 35 (87.5%) presented with dyspnoea, while four cats presented with only cutaneous lesions. Mean body temperature was 38.7 ± 0.2(°)C. Dyspnoea was noted in 87.5% of the cats. Leukocytosis (58.3%) with band neutrophilia (83.3%), monocytosis (58.3%) and thrombocytopenia (55.5%) were prominent findings in the haematology reports. Hyperproteinaemia (61.1%) with hypoalbuminaemia (22.2%) and hyperglobulinaemia (63.8%) with a low albumin to globulin ratio (38.9%) were prominent features of blood biochemistry reports. An alveolar–interstitial pattern was noted in 75% of pre-thoracocentesis radiographs. Pleural effusion, hepatomegaly, thoracic lymphadenopathy and atelectasis of any lung lobe were seen in 88.9%, 75%, 41.7% and 36.1% of cats, respectively. Overall, the mortality rate was 67.5% in both forms. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Clinicians should be aware that feline rhodococcosis manifests as a pulmonary disease at a much higher rate than previously reported. Further studies are required to address the epidemiology, pathophysiology, disease management and prognosis of feline rhodococcosis. The role of immunosuppression as a predisposing factor in feline rhodococcosis requires further investigation. SAGE Publications 2019-11-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7206563/ /pubmed/32400257 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612X19886395 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Original Article
Aslam, Muhammad Waseem
Lau, Seng Fong
Chin, Chelly Sze Lee
Ahmad, Nur Indah
Rahman, Nor-Alimah
Kuppusamy, Krishnammah
Omar, Sharina
Radzi, Rozanaliza
Clinicopathological and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012–2018)
title Clinicopathological and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012–2018)
title_full Clinicopathological and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012–2018)
title_fullStr Clinicopathological and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012–2018)
title_full_unstemmed Clinicopathological and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012–2018)
title_short Clinicopathological and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012–2018)
title_sort clinicopathological and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous rhodococcus equi infection (2012–2018)
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7206563/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32400257
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612X19886395
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