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OR04-04 Identification of a Novel Transcriptional Regulator of Metabolic Disease in Circulating and Central Myeloid Cells

Derangement in systemic metabolic homeostasis is tightly associated with widespread activation of resident and circulating immune cells, a phenomenon known as ‘metaflammation’. Numerous studies have explored the role of tissue resident and circulating macrophages in contributing to metaflammation, o...

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Autores principales: Sweet, David R, Vasudevan, Neelakantan T, Fan, Liyan, Booth, Chloe E, Keerthy, Komal S, Jain, Mukesh K
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7207651/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.1874
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author Sweet, David R
Vasudevan, Neelakantan T
Fan, Liyan
Booth, Chloe E
Keerthy, Komal S
Jain, Mukesh K
author_facet Sweet, David R
Vasudevan, Neelakantan T
Fan, Liyan
Booth, Chloe E
Keerthy, Komal S
Jain, Mukesh K
author_sort Sweet, David R
collection PubMed
description Derangement in systemic metabolic homeostasis is tightly associated with widespread activation of resident and circulating immune cells, a phenomenon known as ‘metaflammation’. Numerous studies have explored the role of tissue resident and circulating macrophages in contributing to metaflammation, obesity, and their sequelae; however, there is a dearth of information regarding targetable transcriptional regulators of the genesis and persistence of metabolic disease. Here, we identify myeloid Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) as a novel regulator of metabolic disease. Previous reports demonstrate that KLF2 serves as a critical regulator of myeloid cell quiescence and is downregulated in numerous acute and chronic inflammatory states. Specifically in the context of chronic metaflammation, we note that KLF2 expression is decreased in circulating immune cells of obese patients and in adipose tissue macrophages of high fat diet (HFD) fed mice, which is consistent with the hypothesis that KLF2 regulates metaflammation. To explore this further, we utilized mice with myeloid cell-specific deletion of KLF2 (K2KO) which exhibit accelerated obesity and insulin resistance. K2KO mice have widespread central (i.e. CNS) and peripheral metaflammation both in the basal and HFD-stimulated states. To discern whether the effect of myeloid deletion of KLF2 on metabolism is due to deletion in microglia in the feeding centers of the hypothalamus or in peripheral immune cells, bone marrow chimeras with head shielding were created. 50% reconstitution of circulating immune cells with K2KO cells in wildtype (WT) mice was sufficient to maintain the metabolic disease phenotype, while mice with K2KO microglia + WT circulating cells had only slightly improved outcomes compared to K2KO mice. Conversely, ablation of microglia in K2KO mice using PLX5622 formulated in HFD also successfully attenuated the aberrant feeding behavior, weight gain, and glucose dyshomeostasis seen in K2KO mice. Together, these data demonstrate a role for loss of KLF2 in hematopoietic and CNS resident cells in causing metabolic disease. Given that myeloid KLF2 expression decreases under metabolic stress in WT mice and humans, we sought to explore whether maintenance of KLF2 expression in these cells would be protective against diet-induced metabolic disease. Indeed, mice with myeloid-specific overexpression of KLF2 demonstrated a markedly improved metabolic phenotype when challenged with HFD, providing evidence that targeting KLF2 expression in myeloid cells may prove to be a therapeutic option against metaflammation.
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spelling pubmed-72076512020-05-13 OR04-04 Identification of a Novel Transcriptional Regulator of Metabolic Disease in Circulating and Central Myeloid Cells Sweet, David R Vasudevan, Neelakantan T Fan, Liyan Booth, Chloe E Keerthy, Komal S Jain, Mukesh K J Endocr Soc Adipose Tissue, Appetite, and Obesity Derangement in systemic metabolic homeostasis is tightly associated with widespread activation of resident and circulating immune cells, a phenomenon known as ‘metaflammation’. Numerous studies have explored the role of tissue resident and circulating macrophages in contributing to metaflammation, obesity, and their sequelae; however, there is a dearth of information regarding targetable transcriptional regulators of the genesis and persistence of metabolic disease. Here, we identify myeloid Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) as a novel regulator of metabolic disease. Previous reports demonstrate that KLF2 serves as a critical regulator of myeloid cell quiescence and is downregulated in numerous acute and chronic inflammatory states. Specifically in the context of chronic metaflammation, we note that KLF2 expression is decreased in circulating immune cells of obese patients and in adipose tissue macrophages of high fat diet (HFD) fed mice, which is consistent with the hypothesis that KLF2 regulates metaflammation. To explore this further, we utilized mice with myeloid cell-specific deletion of KLF2 (K2KO) which exhibit accelerated obesity and insulin resistance. K2KO mice have widespread central (i.e. CNS) and peripheral metaflammation both in the basal and HFD-stimulated states. To discern whether the effect of myeloid deletion of KLF2 on metabolism is due to deletion in microglia in the feeding centers of the hypothalamus or in peripheral immune cells, bone marrow chimeras with head shielding were created. 50% reconstitution of circulating immune cells with K2KO cells in wildtype (WT) mice was sufficient to maintain the metabolic disease phenotype, while mice with K2KO microglia + WT circulating cells had only slightly improved outcomes compared to K2KO mice. Conversely, ablation of microglia in K2KO mice using PLX5622 formulated in HFD also successfully attenuated the aberrant feeding behavior, weight gain, and glucose dyshomeostasis seen in K2KO mice. Together, these data demonstrate a role for loss of KLF2 in hematopoietic and CNS resident cells in causing metabolic disease. Given that myeloid KLF2 expression decreases under metabolic stress in WT mice and humans, we sought to explore whether maintenance of KLF2 expression in these cells would be protective against diet-induced metabolic disease. Indeed, mice with myeloid-specific overexpression of KLF2 demonstrated a markedly improved metabolic phenotype when challenged with HFD, providing evidence that targeting KLF2 expression in myeloid cells may prove to be a therapeutic option against metaflammation. Oxford University Press 2020-05-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7207651/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.1874 Text en © Endocrine Society 2020. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Adipose Tissue, Appetite, and Obesity
Sweet, David R
Vasudevan, Neelakantan T
Fan, Liyan
Booth, Chloe E
Keerthy, Komal S
Jain, Mukesh K
OR04-04 Identification of a Novel Transcriptional Regulator of Metabolic Disease in Circulating and Central Myeloid Cells
title OR04-04 Identification of a Novel Transcriptional Regulator of Metabolic Disease in Circulating and Central Myeloid Cells
title_full OR04-04 Identification of a Novel Transcriptional Regulator of Metabolic Disease in Circulating and Central Myeloid Cells
title_fullStr OR04-04 Identification of a Novel Transcriptional Regulator of Metabolic Disease in Circulating and Central Myeloid Cells
title_full_unstemmed OR04-04 Identification of a Novel Transcriptional Regulator of Metabolic Disease in Circulating and Central Myeloid Cells
title_short OR04-04 Identification of a Novel Transcriptional Regulator of Metabolic Disease in Circulating and Central Myeloid Cells
title_sort or04-04 identification of a novel transcriptional regulator of metabolic disease in circulating and central myeloid cells
topic Adipose Tissue, Appetite, and Obesity
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7207651/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.1874
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