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Design, Delivery, Maintenance, and Outcomes of Peer-to-Peer Online Support Groups for People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Disorders: Systematic Review

BACKGROUND: Online support groups (OSGs) are one way for people with chronic diseases, their family or friends, and health professionals to communicate, gain information, and provide social support. As the number of peer-to-peer OSGs for chronic musculoskeletal conditions grows, it is important to g...

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Autores principales: Maclachlan, Liam R, Mills, Kathryn, Lawford, Belinda J, Egerton, Thorlene, Setchell, Jenny, Hall, Leanne M, Plinsinga, Melanie L, Besomi, Manuela, Teo, Pek Ling, Eyles, Jillian P, Mellor, Rebecca, Melo, Luciano, Robbins, Sarah, Hodges, Paul W, Hunter, David J, Vicenzino, Bill, Bennell, Kim L
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: JMIR Publications 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7210497/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32329746
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15822
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author Maclachlan, Liam R
Mills, Kathryn
Lawford, Belinda J
Egerton, Thorlene
Setchell, Jenny
Hall, Leanne M
Plinsinga, Melanie L
Besomi, Manuela
Teo, Pek Ling
Eyles, Jillian P
Mellor, Rebecca
Melo, Luciano
Robbins, Sarah
Hodges, Paul W
Hunter, David J
Vicenzino, Bill
Bennell, Kim L
author_facet Maclachlan, Liam R
Mills, Kathryn
Lawford, Belinda J
Egerton, Thorlene
Setchell, Jenny
Hall, Leanne M
Plinsinga, Melanie L
Besomi, Manuela
Teo, Pek Ling
Eyles, Jillian P
Mellor, Rebecca
Melo, Luciano
Robbins, Sarah
Hodges, Paul W
Hunter, David J
Vicenzino, Bill
Bennell, Kim L
author_sort Maclachlan, Liam R
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Online support groups (OSGs) are one way for people with chronic diseases, their family or friends, and health professionals to communicate, gain information, and provide social support. As the number of peer-to-peer OSGs for chronic musculoskeletal conditions grows, it is important to gain insight into the different designs of groups available, who is accessing them, if and how they may be effective, and what strategies are being used to implement or increase consumer engagement. OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this systematic review of people with musculoskeletal conditions were to (1) describe the design features (functions, usage options, moderation, and expert input) of peer-to-peer OSGs, (2) describe the characteristics of the individuals using peer-to-peer OSGs, (3) synthesize the evidence on outcomes of participation, and (4) identify strategies used in the delivery and maintenance of OSGs. METHODS: A search comprising terms related to the population (people with musculoskeletal disorders) and the intervention (peer-to-peer OSGs) was conducted in 6 databases. Results were filtered from 1990 (internet inception) to February 2019. Studies identified in the search were screened according to predefined eligibility criteria using a 2-step process. Quantitative studies were appraised by 2 reviewers using the Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions tool. Qualitative studies were appraised by 2 different reviewers using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist. Extracted data were synthesized narratively. RESULTS: We examined 21 studies with low to moderate risk of bias. Of these studies, 13 studies included OSGs hosted on public platforms, 11 studies examined OSGs that were conducted in English, and 6 studies used moderators or peer leaders to facilitate engagement. Studies either reported the number of OSG members (n=1985 across all studies) or the number of posts (range: 223-200,000). The majority of OSG members were females who were not full-time employees and with varied levels of education. There were no randomized controlled trials measuring the efficacy of OSGs. Qualitative and quantitative studies identified empowerment, social support, self-management behavior, and health literacy as primary constructs to measure OSG efficacy. Neutral or marginal improvement was reported in these constructs. Sharing experiences and a greater level of engagement appeared to have an important influence on OSGs efficacy. The extent to which members posted on the website influenced engagement. CONCLUSIONS: Across a diverse range of designs, languages, included features, and delivery platforms, peer-to-peer OSGs for chronic musculoskeletal conditions attract predominantly female participants of all ages and education levels. The level of participation of a member appears to be related to their perceived benefit, health literacy, and empowerment. Future studies are needed to identify which design and maintenance strategies have superior efficacy and whether there are concomitant improvements in health outcomes for people with chronic musculoskeletal conditions resulting from participation in OSGs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42018090326; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42018090326
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spelling pubmed-72104972020-05-12 Design, Delivery, Maintenance, and Outcomes of Peer-to-Peer Online Support Groups for People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Disorders: Systematic Review Maclachlan, Liam R Mills, Kathryn Lawford, Belinda J Egerton, Thorlene Setchell, Jenny Hall, Leanne M Plinsinga, Melanie L Besomi, Manuela Teo, Pek Ling Eyles, Jillian P Mellor, Rebecca Melo, Luciano Robbins, Sarah Hodges, Paul W Hunter, David J Vicenzino, Bill Bennell, Kim L J Med Internet Res Review BACKGROUND: Online support groups (OSGs) are one way for people with chronic diseases, their family or friends, and health professionals to communicate, gain information, and provide social support. As the number of peer-to-peer OSGs for chronic musculoskeletal conditions grows, it is important to gain insight into the different designs of groups available, who is accessing them, if and how they may be effective, and what strategies are being used to implement or increase consumer engagement. OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this systematic review of people with musculoskeletal conditions were to (1) describe the design features (functions, usage options, moderation, and expert input) of peer-to-peer OSGs, (2) describe the characteristics of the individuals using peer-to-peer OSGs, (3) synthesize the evidence on outcomes of participation, and (4) identify strategies used in the delivery and maintenance of OSGs. METHODS: A search comprising terms related to the population (people with musculoskeletal disorders) and the intervention (peer-to-peer OSGs) was conducted in 6 databases. Results were filtered from 1990 (internet inception) to February 2019. Studies identified in the search were screened according to predefined eligibility criteria using a 2-step process. Quantitative studies were appraised by 2 reviewers using the Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions tool. Qualitative studies were appraised by 2 different reviewers using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist. Extracted data were synthesized narratively. RESULTS: We examined 21 studies with low to moderate risk of bias. Of these studies, 13 studies included OSGs hosted on public platforms, 11 studies examined OSGs that were conducted in English, and 6 studies used moderators or peer leaders to facilitate engagement. Studies either reported the number of OSG members (n=1985 across all studies) or the number of posts (range: 223-200,000). The majority of OSG members were females who were not full-time employees and with varied levels of education. There were no randomized controlled trials measuring the efficacy of OSGs. Qualitative and quantitative studies identified empowerment, social support, self-management behavior, and health literacy as primary constructs to measure OSG efficacy. Neutral or marginal improvement was reported in these constructs. Sharing experiences and a greater level of engagement appeared to have an important influence on OSGs efficacy. The extent to which members posted on the website influenced engagement. CONCLUSIONS: Across a diverse range of designs, languages, included features, and delivery platforms, peer-to-peer OSGs for chronic musculoskeletal conditions attract predominantly female participants of all ages and education levels. The level of participation of a member appears to be related to their perceived benefit, health literacy, and empowerment. Future studies are needed to identify which design and maintenance strategies have superior efficacy and whether there are concomitant improvements in health outcomes for people with chronic musculoskeletal conditions resulting from participation in OSGs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42018090326; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42018090326 JMIR Publications 2020-04-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7210497/ /pubmed/32329746 http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15822 Text en ©Liam R Maclachlan, Kathryn Mills, Belinda J Lawford, Thorlene Egerton, Jenny Setchell, Leanne M Hall, Melanie L Plinsinga, Manuela Besomi, Pek Ling Teo, Jillian P Eyles, Rebecca Mellor, Luciano Melo, Sarah Robbins, Paul W Hodges, David J Hunter, Bill Vicenzino, Kim L Bennell. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 24.04.2020. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.
spellingShingle Review
Maclachlan, Liam R
Mills, Kathryn
Lawford, Belinda J
Egerton, Thorlene
Setchell, Jenny
Hall, Leanne M
Plinsinga, Melanie L
Besomi, Manuela
Teo, Pek Ling
Eyles, Jillian P
Mellor, Rebecca
Melo, Luciano
Robbins, Sarah
Hodges, Paul W
Hunter, David J
Vicenzino, Bill
Bennell, Kim L
Design, Delivery, Maintenance, and Outcomes of Peer-to-Peer Online Support Groups for People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Disorders: Systematic Review
title Design, Delivery, Maintenance, and Outcomes of Peer-to-Peer Online Support Groups for People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Disorders: Systematic Review
title_full Design, Delivery, Maintenance, and Outcomes of Peer-to-Peer Online Support Groups for People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Disorders: Systematic Review
title_fullStr Design, Delivery, Maintenance, and Outcomes of Peer-to-Peer Online Support Groups for People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Disorders: Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Design, Delivery, Maintenance, and Outcomes of Peer-to-Peer Online Support Groups for People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Disorders: Systematic Review
title_short Design, Delivery, Maintenance, and Outcomes of Peer-to-Peer Online Support Groups for People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Disorders: Systematic Review
title_sort design, delivery, maintenance, and outcomes of peer-to-peer online support groups for people with chronic musculoskeletal disorders: systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7210497/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32329746
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15822
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