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New fluid biomarkers tracking non-amyloid-β and non-tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers based on the core pathological proteins associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), i.e., amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau protein, are widely regarded as useful diagnostic biomarkers. However, a lack of biomarkers for monitoring the treatment response and indexing clinical...

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Autores principales: Park, Sun Ah, Han, Song Mi, Kim, Chae Eun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7210893/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32284537
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s12276-020-0418-9
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author Park, Sun Ah
Han, Song Mi
Kim, Chae Eun
author_facet Park, Sun Ah
Han, Song Mi
Kim, Chae Eun
author_sort Park, Sun Ah
collection PubMed
description Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers based on the core pathological proteins associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), i.e., amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau protein, are widely regarded as useful diagnostic biomarkers. However, a lack of biomarkers for monitoring the treatment response and indexing clinical severity has proven to be problematic in drug trials targeting Aβ. Therefore, new biomarkers are needed to track non-Aβ and non-tau pathology. Many proteins involved in the pathophysiological progression of AD have shown promise as new biomarkers. Neurodegeneration- and synapse-related biomarkers in CSF (e.g., neurofilament light polypeptide [NFL], neurogranin, and visinin-like protein 1) and blood (e.g., NFL) aid prediction of AD progress, as well as early diagnosis. Neuroinflammation, lipid dysmetabolism, and impaired protein clearance are considered important components of AD pathophysiology. Inflammation-related proteins in the CSF, such as progranulin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40), are useful for the early detection of AD and can represent clinical severity. Several lipid metabolism-associated biomarkers and protein clearance-linked markers have also been suggested as candidate AD biomarkers. Combinations of subsets of new biomarkers enhance their utility in terms of broadly characterizing AD-associated pathological changes, thereby facilitating precise selection of susceptible patients and comprehensive monitoring of the treatment response. This approach could facilitate the development of effective treatments for AD.
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spelling pubmed-72108932020-05-18 New fluid biomarkers tracking non-amyloid-β and non-tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease Park, Sun Ah Han, Song Mi Kim, Chae Eun Exp Mol Med Review Article Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers based on the core pathological proteins associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), i.e., amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau protein, are widely regarded as useful diagnostic biomarkers. However, a lack of biomarkers for monitoring the treatment response and indexing clinical severity has proven to be problematic in drug trials targeting Aβ. Therefore, new biomarkers are needed to track non-Aβ and non-tau pathology. Many proteins involved in the pathophysiological progression of AD have shown promise as new biomarkers. Neurodegeneration- and synapse-related biomarkers in CSF (e.g., neurofilament light polypeptide [NFL], neurogranin, and visinin-like protein 1) and blood (e.g., NFL) aid prediction of AD progress, as well as early diagnosis. Neuroinflammation, lipid dysmetabolism, and impaired protein clearance are considered important components of AD pathophysiology. Inflammation-related proteins in the CSF, such as progranulin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40), are useful for the early detection of AD and can represent clinical severity. Several lipid metabolism-associated biomarkers and protein clearance-linked markers have also been suggested as candidate AD biomarkers. Combinations of subsets of new biomarkers enhance their utility in terms of broadly characterizing AD-associated pathological changes, thereby facilitating precise selection of susceptible patients and comprehensive monitoring of the treatment response. This approach could facilitate the development of effective treatments for AD. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-04-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7210893/ /pubmed/32284537 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s12276-020-0418-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Review Article
Park, Sun Ah
Han, Song Mi
Kim, Chae Eun
New fluid biomarkers tracking non-amyloid-β and non-tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease
title New fluid biomarkers tracking non-amyloid-β and non-tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease
title_full New fluid biomarkers tracking non-amyloid-β and non-tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease
title_fullStr New fluid biomarkers tracking non-amyloid-β and non-tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease
title_full_unstemmed New fluid biomarkers tracking non-amyloid-β and non-tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease
title_short New fluid biomarkers tracking non-amyloid-β and non-tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease
title_sort new fluid biomarkers tracking non-amyloid-β and non-tau pathology in alzheimer’s disease
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7210893/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32284537
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s12276-020-0418-9
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