Validation of novel automatic ultra-wideband radar for sleep apnea detection

BACKGROUND: To validate the accuracy of ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless radar for the screening diagnosis of sleep apnea. METHODS: One hundred and seventy-six qualified participants were successfully recruited. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) results from polysomnography (PSG) were reviewed by physicians, while the radar device automatically calculated AHI values with an embedded chip. All results were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: A UWB radar-based AHI algorithm was successfully developed according to respiratory movement and body motion signals. Of all 176 participants, 63 exhibited normal results (AHI <5/hr) and the remaining 113 were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea. Significant correlation was detected between radar AHI and PSG AHI (Intraclass correlation coefficient 0.98, P<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis revealed high sensitivity and specificity. High concordance in participants with varying gender, age, BMI, and PSG AHI was reached. CONCLUSIONS: The UWB radar may be a portable, convenient, and reliable device for obstructive sleep apnea screening.