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The inflammatory microenvironment in vestibular schwannoma

Vestibular schwannomas are tumors arising from the vestibulocochlear nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. Their proximity to eloquent brainstem structures means that the pathology itself and the treatment thereof can be associated with significant morbidity. The vast majority of these tumors are spo...

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Autores principales: Hannan, Cathal John, Lewis, Daniel, O’Leary, Claire, Donofrio, Carmine A, Evans, Dafydd Gareth, Roncaroli, Federico, Brough, David, King, Andrew Thomas, Coope, David, Pathmanaban, Omar Nathan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7212860/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32642684
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdaa023
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author Hannan, Cathal John
Lewis, Daniel
O’Leary, Claire
Donofrio, Carmine A
Evans, Dafydd Gareth
Roncaroli, Federico
Brough, David
King, Andrew Thomas
Coope, David
Pathmanaban, Omar Nathan
author_facet Hannan, Cathal John
Lewis, Daniel
O’Leary, Claire
Donofrio, Carmine A
Evans, Dafydd Gareth
Roncaroli, Federico
Brough, David
King, Andrew Thomas
Coope, David
Pathmanaban, Omar Nathan
author_sort Hannan, Cathal John
collection PubMed
description Vestibular schwannomas are tumors arising from the vestibulocochlear nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. Their proximity to eloquent brainstem structures means that the pathology itself and the treatment thereof can be associated with significant morbidity. The vast majority of these tumors are sporadic, with the remainder arising as a result of the genetic syndrome Neurofibromatosis Type 2 or, more rarely, LZTR1-related schwannomatosis. The natural history of these tumors is extremely variable, with some tumors not displaying any evidence of growth, others demonstrating early, persistent growth and a small number growing following an extended period of indolence. Emerging evidence now suggests that far from representing Schwann cell proliferation only, the tumor microenvironment is complex, with inflammation proposed to play a key role in their growth. In this review, we provide an overview of this new evidence, including the role played by immune cell infiltration, the underlying molecular pathways involved, and biomarkers for detecting this inflammation in vivo. Given the limitations of current treatments, there is a pressing need for novel therapies to aid in the management of this condition, and we conclude by proposing areas for future research that could lead to the development of therapies targeted toward inflammation in vestibular schwannoma.
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spelling pubmed-72128602020-07-07 The inflammatory microenvironment in vestibular schwannoma Hannan, Cathal John Lewis, Daniel O’Leary, Claire Donofrio, Carmine A Evans, Dafydd Gareth Roncaroli, Federico Brough, David King, Andrew Thomas Coope, David Pathmanaban, Omar Nathan Neurooncol Adv Review Vestibular schwannomas are tumors arising from the vestibulocochlear nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. Their proximity to eloquent brainstem structures means that the pathology itself and the treatment thereof can be associated with significant morbidity. The vast majority of these tumors are sporadic, with the remainder arising as a result of the genetic syndrome Neurofibromatosis Type 2 or, more rarely, LZTR1-related schwannomatosis. The natural history of these tumors is extremely variable, with some tumors not displaying any evidence of growth, others demonstrating early, persistent growth and a small number growing following an extended period of indolence. Emerging evidence now suggests that far from representing Schwann cell proliferation only, the tumor microenvironment is complex, with inflammation proposed to play a key role in their growth. In this review, we provide an overview of this new evidence, including the role played by immune cell infiltration, the underlying molecular pathways involved, and biomarkers for detecting this inflammation in vivo. Given the limitations of current treatments, there is a pressing need for novel therapies to aid in the management of this condition, and we conclude by proposing areas for future research that could lead to the development of therapies targeted toward inflammation in vestibular schwannoma. Oxford University Press 2020-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7212860/ /pubmed/32642684 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdaa023 Text en © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press, the Society for Neuro-Oncology and the European Association of Neuro-Oncology. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Hannan, Cathal John
Lewis, Daniel
O’Leary, Claire
Donofrio, Carmine A
Evans, Dafydd Gareth
Roncaroli, Federico
Brough, David
King, Andrew Thomas
Coope, David
Pathmanaban, Omar Nathan
The inflammatory microenvironment in vestibular schwannoma
title The inflammatory microenvironment in vestibular schwannoma
title_full The inflammatory microenvironment in vestibular schwannoma
title_fullStr The inflammatory microenvironment in vestibular schwannoma
title_full_unstemmed The inflammatory microenvironment in vestibular schwannoma
title_short The inflammatory microenvironment in vestibular schwannoma
title_sort inflammatory microenvironment in vestibular schwannoma
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7212860/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32642684
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdaa023
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