Anterior mediastinal metastasis of primary fallopian tube adenocarcinoma: a case report

BACKGROUND: Primary fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC) is a malignant tumor of the female genital tract that mostly presents intraperitoneal dissemination in clinical practice. The incidence of upper anterior mediastinal metastasis in PFTCs is extremely rare. We herein report a rare case of PFTC mediastinal metastasis after radical resection. When anterior mediastinal metastasis of an unknown origin is encountered, the possibility of PFTC should be considered. CASE PRESENTATION: A 68-year-old female who was previously diagnosed with PFTC after radical resection of a primary tumor in the fallopian tube was admitted to our department with a right anterior mediastinum mass. Radical resection of the mediastinal mass was performed, and poorly differentiated metastatic adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube was confirmed. There was no recurrence in the 24 months after the curative operation. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, no mediastinal metastasis of PFTC has been reported yet. Thus, we presented this rare case indicating the heterogeneity of this malignant disease and to draw attention to the occasional distant metastasis of PFTC in clinical practice.