Analysis of Wave Patterns Under the Region of Macro-Fiber Composite Transducer to Improve the Analytical Modelling for Directivity Calculation in Isotropic Medium

Analytical modelling is an efficient approach to estimate the directivity of a transducer generating guided waves in the research field of ultrasonic non-destructive testing of the large and complex structures due to its short processing time as compared to the numerical modelling and experimental techniques. The wave patterns or the amplitude variations along the region of ultrasonic transducer itself depend on its behavior, excitation frequency, and the type of propagating wave mode. Depending on the wave-pattern of a propagating wave mode, the appropriate value of the amplitude correction factor must be multiplied to the amplitudes of the excitation signal for the accurate evaluation of directivity pattern of the ultrasonic transducers generating guided waves in analytical modelling. The objective of this work is to analyse the wave patterns under the region of macro-fiber composite (MFC) transducer to improve the accuracy of a previously developed analytical model for the prediction of directivity patterns. Firstly, the amplitude correction factor based on the wave patterns under the region of P1-type MFC (MFC-2814) transducer at two different frequencies (80 kHz, 3 periods and 220 kHz, 3 period) glued on 2 mm Al alloy plate has been estimated analytically in the case of an asymmetric (A0) guided Lamb wave. The validation of analytically estimated amplitude correction factor is performed by a proposed experimental method that allows analyzing the behaviour of MFC transducer under its region by gluing MFC on bottom surface and scanning the receiver on the top surface of the sample. Later on, the estimated amplitude correction factor is included in the previously developed 2D analytical model for the improvement in the directivity patterns of the A0 mode. The modified analytical model shows a significant improvement in the directivity pattern of the A0 wave mode in comparison to the results obtained by the previous model without considering the proper wave patterns. The results reveal that errors between the directivity estimated by the present modified 2D analytical model and experimental investigation are reduced by more than 58% in comparison to the previously developed analytical model.