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Biochemical and Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Key Genes Involved in Major Metabolic Regulation Related to Colored Leaf Formation in Osmanthus fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ during Development

Osmanthus fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ not only has a beautiful shape and fresh floral fragrance, but also rich leaf colors that change, making the tree useful for landscaping. In order to study the mechanisms of color formation in O. fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ leaves, we analyzed the colored and gree...

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Autores principales: Chen, Xuan, Yang, Xiulian, Xie, Jun, Ding, Wenjie, Li, Yuli, Yue, Yuanzheng, Wang, Lianggui
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7226453/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32260448
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10040549
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author Chen, Xuan
Yang, Xiulian
Xie, Jun
Ding, Wenjie
Li, Yuli
Yue, Yuanzheng
Wang, Lianggui
author_facet Chen, Xuan
Yang, Xiulian
Xie, Jun
Ding, Wenjie
Li, Yuli
Yue, Yuanzheng
Wang, Lianggui
author_sort Chen, Xuan
collection PubMed
description Osmanthus fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ not only has a beautiful shape and fresh floral fragrance, but also rich leaf colors that change, making the tree useful for landscaping. In order to study the mechanisms of color formation in O. fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ leaves, we analyzed the colored and green leaves at different developmental stages in terms of leaf pigment content, cell structure, and transcriptome data. We found that the chlorophyll content in the colored leaves was lower than that of green leaves throughout development. By analyzing the structure of chloroplasts, the colored leaves demonstrated more stromal lamellae and low numbers of granum thylakoid. However, there was a large number of plastoglobuli. Using transcriptome sequencing, we demonstrated that the expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in chlorophyll degradation was upregulated, i.e., heme oxygennase-1 (HO1), pheophorbide a oxidase (PAO), and chlorophyllase-2 (CLH2), affecting the synthesis of chlorophyll in colored leaves. The stay-green gene (SGR) was upregulated in colored leaves. Genes involved in carotenoid synthesis, i.e., phytoene synthase 1 (PSY1) and 1-Deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), were downregulated in colored leaves, impeding the synthesis of carotenoids. In the later stage of leaf development, the downregulated expression of Golden2-Like (GLK) inhibited chloroplast development in colored leaves. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to investigate the correlation between physiological indicators and DEGs, we chose the modules with the highest degree of relevance to chlorophyll degradation and carotenoid metabolism. A total of five genes (HSFA2, NFYC9, TCP20, WRKY3, and WRKY4) were identified as hub genes. These analyses provide new insights into color formation mechanisms in O. fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ leaves at the transcriptional level.
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spelling pubmed-72264532020-05-18 Biochemical and Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Key Genes Involved in Major Metabolic Regulation Related to Colored Leaf Formation in Osmanthus fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ during Development Chen, Xuan Yang, Xiulian Xie, Jun Ding, Wenjie Li, Yuli Yue, Yuanzheng Wang, Lianggui Biomolecules Article Osmanthus fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ not only has a beautiful shape and fresh floral fragrance, but also rich leaf colors that change, making the tree useful for landscaping. In order to study the mechanisms of color formation in O. fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ leaves, we analyzed the colored and green leaves at different developmental stages in terms of leaf pigment content, cell structure, and transcriptome data. We found that the chlorophyll content in the colored leaves was lower than that of green leaves throughout development. By analyzing the structure of chloroplasts, the colored leaves demonstrated more stromal lamellae and low numbers of granum thylakoid. However, there was a large number of plastoglobuli. Using transcriptome sequencing, we demonstrated that the expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in chlorophyll degradation was upregulated, i.e., heme oxygennase-1 (HO1), pheophorbide a oxidase (PAO), and chlorophyllase-2 (CLH2), affecting the synthesis of chlorophyll in colored leaves. The stay-green gene (SGR) was upregulated in colored leaves. Genes involved in carotenoid synthesis, i.e., phytoene synthase 1 (PSY1) and 1-Deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), were downregulated in colored leaves, impeding the synthesis of carotenoids. In the later stage of leaf development, the downregulated expression of Golden2-Like (GLK) inhibited chloroplast development in colored leaves. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to investigate the correlation between physiological indicators and DEGs, we chose the modules with the highest degree of relevance to chlorophyll degradation and carotenoid metabolism. A total of five genes (HSFA2, NFYC9, TCP20, WRKY3, and WRKY4) were identified as hub genes. These analyses provide new insights into color formation mechanisms in O. fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ leaves at the transcriptional level. MDPI 2020-04-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7226453/ /pubmed/32260448 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10040549 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chen, Xuan
Yang, Xiulian
Xie, Jun
Ding, Wenjie
Li, Yuli
Yue, Yuanzheng
Wang, Lianggui
Biochemical and Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Key Genes Involved in Major Metabolic Regulation Related to Colored Leaf Formation in Osmanthus fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ during Development
title Biochemical and Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Key Genes Involved in Major Metabolic Regulation Related to Colored Leaf Formation in Osmanthus fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ during Development
title_full Biochemical and Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Key Genes Involved in Major Metabolic Regulation Related to Colored Leaf Formation in Osmanthus fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ during Development
title_fullStr Biochemical and Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Key Genes Involved in Major Metabolic Regulation Related to Colored Leaf Formation in Osmanthus fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ during Development
title_full_unstemmed Biochemical and Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Key Genes Involved in Major Metabolic Regulation Related to Colored Leaf Formation in Osmanthus fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ during Development
title_short Biochemical and Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Key Genes Involved in Major Metabolic Regulation Related to Colored Leaf Formation in Osmanthus fragrans ‘Yinbi Shuanghui’ during Development
title_sort biochemical and comparative transcriptome analyses reveal key genes involved in major metabolic regulation related to colored leaf formation in osmanthus fragrans ‘yinbi shuanghui’ during development
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7226453/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32260448
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10040549
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