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Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism
Myelin is critical for the proper function of the nervous system and one of the most complex cell–cell interactions of the body. Myelination allows for the rapid conduction of action potentials along axonal fibers and provides physical and trophic support to neurons. Myelin contains a high content o...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7226731/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32230947 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9040812 |
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author | Poitelon, Yannick Kopec, Ashley M. Belin, Sophie |
author_facet | Poitelon, Yannick Kopec, Ashley M. Belin, Sophie |
author_sort | Poitelon, Yannick |
collection | PubMed |
description | Myelin is critical for the proper function of the nervous system and one of the most complex cell–cell interactions of the body. Myelination allows for the rapid conduction of action potentials along axonal fibers and provides physical and trophic support to neurons. Myelin contains a high content of lipids, and the formation of the myelin sheath requires high levels of fatty acid and lipid synthesis, together with uptake of extracellular fatty acids. Recent studies have further advanced our understanding of the metabolism and functions of myelin fatty acids and lipids. In this review, we present an overview of the basic biology of myelin lipids and recent insights on the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and functions in myelinating cells. In addition, this review may serve to provide a foundation for future research characterizing the role of fatty acids and lipids in myelin biology and metabolic disorders affecting the central and peripheral nervous system. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7226731 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72267312020-05-18 Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism Poitelon, Yannick Kopec, Ashley M. Belin, Sophie Cells Review Myelin is critical for the proper function of the nervous system and one of the most complex cell–cell interactions of the body. Myelination allows for the rapid conduction of action potentials along axonal fibers and provides physical and trophic support to neurons. Myelin contains a high content of lipids, and the formation of the myelin sheath requires high levels of fatty acid and lipid synthesis, together with uptake of extracellular fatty acids. Recent studies have further advanced our understanding of the metabolism and functions of myelin fatty acids and lipids. In this review, we present an overview of the basic biology of myelin lipids and recent insights on the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and functions in myelinating cells. In addition, this review may serve to provide a foundation for future research characterizing the role of fatty acids and lipids in myelin biology and metabolic disorders affecting the central and peripheral nervous system. MDPI 2020-03-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7226731/ /pubmed/32230947 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9040812 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Poitelon, Yannick Kopec, Ashley M. Belin, Sophie Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism |
title | Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism |
title_full | Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism |
title_fullStr | Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism |
title_full_unstemmed | Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism |
title_short | Myelin Fat Facts: An Overview of Lipids and Fatty Acid Metabolism |
title_sort | myelin fat facts: an overview of lipids and fatty acid metabolism |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7226731/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32230947 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9040812 |
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