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Greenhouse gas emissions from synthetic nitrogen manufacture and fertilization for main upland crops in China
BACKGROUND: A significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions comes from the manufacture of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizers consumed in crop production processes. And the application of synthetic N fertilizers is recognized as the most important factor contributing to direct N(2)O emissions...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer International Publishing
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7227229/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31889246 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13021-019-0133-9 |
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author | Chai, Rushan Ye, Xinxin Ma, Chao Wang, Qingyun Tu, Renfeng Zhang, Ligan Gao, Hongjian |
author_facet | Chai, Rushan Ye, Xinxin Ma, Chao Wang, Qingyun Tu, Renfeng Zhang, Ligan Gao, Hongjian |
author_sort | Chai, Rushan |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: A significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions comes from the manufacture of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizers consumed in crop production processes. And the application of synthetic N fertilizers is recognized as the most important factor contributing to direct N(2)O emissions from agricultural soils. Based on statistical data and relevant literature, the GHG emissions associated with synthetic N manufacture and fertilization for wheat and maize in different provinces and agricultural regions of China were quantitatively evaluated in the present study. RESULTS: During the 2015–2017 period, the average application rates of synthetic N for wheat and maize in upland fields of China were 222 and 197 kg ha(−1), respectively. The total consumption of synthetic N on wheat and maize was 12.63 Mt year(−1). At the national scale, the GHG emissions associated with the manufacture of synthetic N fertilizers were estimated to be 41.44 and 59.71 Mt CO(2)-eq year(−1) for wheat and maize in China, respectively. And the direct N(2)O emissions derived from synthetic N fertilization were estimated to be 35.82 and 69.44 Gg N(2)O year(−1) for wheat and maize, respectively. In the main wheat-cultivating regions of China, area-scaled GHG emissions were higher for Inner Mongolia, Jiangsu and Xinjiang provinces. And for maize, Gansu, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Shannxi and Jiangsu provinces had higher area-scaled GHG emissions. Higher yield-scaled GHG emissions for wheat and maize mainly occured in Yunnan and Gansu provinces. CONCLUSIONS: The manufacture and application of synthetic N fertilizers for wheat and maize in Chinese croplands is an important source of agricultural GHG emissions. The current study could provide a scientific basis for establishing an inventory of upland GHG emissions in China and developing appropriate mitigation strategies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7227229 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Springer International Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72272292020-05-27 Greenhouse gas emissions from synthetic nitrogen manufacture and fertilization for main upland crops in China Chai, Rushan Ye, Xinxin Ma, Chao Wang, Qingyun Tu, Renfeng Zhang, Ligan Gao, Hongjian Carbon Balance Manag Research BACKGROUND: A significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions comes from the manufacture of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizers consumed in crop production processes. And the application of synthetic N fertilizers is recognized as the most important factor contributing to direct N(2)O emissions from agricultural soils. Based on statistical data and relevant literature, the GHG emissions associated with synthetic N manufacture and fertilization for wheat and maize in different provinces and agricultural regions of China were quantitatively evaluated in the present study. RESULTS: During the 2015–2017 period, the average application rates of synthetic N for wheat and maize in upland fields of China were 222 and 197 kg ha(−1), respectively. The total consumption of synthetic N on wheat and maize was 12.63 Mt year(−1). At the national scale, the GHG emissions associated with the manufacture of synthetic N fertilizers were estimated to be 41.44 and 59.71 Mt CO(2)-eq year(−1) for wheat and maize in China, respectively. And the direct N(2)O emissions derived from synthetic N fertilization were estimated to be 35.82 and 69.44 Gg N(2)O year(−1) for wheat and maize, respectively. In the main wheat-cultivating regions of China, area-scaled GHG emissions were higher for Inner Mongolia, Jiangsu and Xinjiang provinces. And for maize, Gansu, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Shannxi and Jiangsu provinces had higher area-scaled GHG emissions. Higher yield-scaled GHG emissions for wheat and maize mainly occured in Yunnan and Gansu provinces. CONCLUSIONS: The manufacture and application of synthetic N fertilizers for wheat and maize in Chinese croplands is an important source of agricultural GHG emissions. The current study could provide a scientific basis for establishing an inventory of upland GHG emissions in China and developing appropriate mitigation strategies. Springer International Publishing 2019-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7227229/ /pubmed/31889246 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13021-019-0133-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Chai, Rushan Ye, Xinxin Ma, Chao Wang, Qingyun Tu, Renfeng Zhang, Ligan Gao, Hongjian Greenhouse gas emissions from synthetic nitrogen manufacture and fertilization for main upland crops in China |
title | Greenhouse gas emissions from synthetic nitrogen manufacture and fertilization for main upland crops in China |
title_full | Greenhouse gas emissions from synthetic nitrogen manufacture and fertilization for main upland crops in China |
title_fullStr | Greenhouse gas emissions from synthetic nitrogen manufacture and fertilization for main upland crops in China |
title_full_unstemmed | Greenhouse gas emissions from synthetic nitrogen manufacture and fertilization for main upland crops in China |
title_short | Greenhouse gas emissions from synthetic nitrogen manufacture and fertilization for main upland crops in China |
title_sort | greenhouse gas emissions from synthetic nitrogen manufacture and fertilization for main upland crops in china |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7227229/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31889246 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13021-019-0133-9 |
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