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Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia
Since 2000, human malaria cases in Malaysia were rapidly reduced with the use of insecticides in Indoor Residual Spray (IRS) and Long-Lasting Insecticide Net (LLIN). Unfortunately, monkey malaria in humans has shown an increase especially in Sabah and Sarawak. The insecticide currently used in IRS i...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7228059/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32413033 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230860 |
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author | Rohani, A. Fakhriy, H. Ahmad Suzilah, I. Zurainee, M. N. Najdah, W. M. A. Wan Ariffin, M. Mohd Shakirudin, N. Mohamad Afiq, M. S. Mohd Jenarun, J. Tanrang, Y. Lee, H. L. |
author_facet | Rohani, A. Fakhriy, H. Ahmad Suzilah, I. Zurainee, M. N. Najdah, W. M. A. Wan Ariffin, M. Mohd Shakirudin, N. Mohamad Afiq, M. S. Mohd Jenarun, J. Tanrang, Y. Lee, H. L. |
author_sort | Rohani, A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Since 2000, human malaria cases in Malaysia were rapidly reduced with the use of insecticides in Indoor Residual Spray (IRS) and Long-Lasting Insecticide Net (LLIN). Unfortunately, monkey malaria in humans has shown an increase especially in Sabah and Sarawak. The insecticide currently used in IRS is deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) WG 250 wettable granule, targeting mosquitoes that rest and feed indoor. In Sabah, the primary vector for knowlesi malaria is An. balabacensis a species known to bite outdoor. This study evaluates an alternative method, the Outdoor Residual Spray (ORS) using a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (PolyZone) to examine it suitability to control knowlesi malaria vector in Sabah, compared to the current method. The study was performed at seven villages in Sabah having similar type of houses (wood, bamboo and concrete). Houses were sprayed with deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (PolyZone) at two different dosages, 25 mg/m(2) and 30 mg/m(2) and deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) WG 250 wettable granule at 25 mg/m(2), sprayed indoor and outdoor. Residual activity on different walls was assessed using standard cone bioassay techniques. For larval surveillances, potential breeding sites were surveyed. Larvae were collected and identified, pre and post spraying. Adult survey was done using Human Landing Catch (HLC) performed outdoor and indoor. Detection of malaria parasite in adults was conducted via microscopy and molecular methods. Deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (PolyZone) showed higher efficacy when sprayed outdoor. The efficacy was found varied when sprayed on different types of wall surfaces. Deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (PolyZone) at 25 mg/m(2) was the most effective with regards to ability to high mortality and effective knock down (KD). The vector population was reduced significantly post-spraying and reduction in breeding sites as well. The number of simian malaria infected vector, human and simian malaria transmission were also greatly reduced. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7228059 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72280592020-06-01 Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia Rohani, A. Fakhriy, H. Ahmad Suzilah, I. Zurainee, M. N. Najdah, W. M. A. Wan Ariffin, M. Mohd Shakirudin, N. Mohamad Afiq, M. S. Mohd Jenarun, J. Tanrang, Y. Lee, H. L. PLoS One Research Article Since 2000, human malaria cases in Malaysia were rapidly reduced with the use of insecticides in Indoor Residual Spray (IRS) and Long-Lasting Insecticide Net (LLIN). Unfortunately, monkey malaria in humans has shown an increase especially in Sabah and Sarawak. The insecticide currently used in IRS is deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) WG 250 wettable granule, targeting mosquitoes that rest and feed indoor. In Sabah, the primary vector for knowlesi malaria is An. balabacensis a species known to bite outdoor. This study evaluates an alternative method, the Outdoor Residual Spray (ORS) using a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (PolyZone) to examine it suitability to control knowlesi malaria vector in Sabah, compared to the current method. The study was performed at seven villages in Sabah having similar type of houses (wood, bamboo and concrete). Houses were sprayed with deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (PolyZone) at two different dosages, 25 mg/m(2) and 30 mg/m(2) and deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) WG 250 wettable granule at 25 mg/m(2), sprayed indoor and outdoor. Residual activity on different walls was assessed using standard cone bioassay techniques. For larval surveillances, potential breeding sites were surveyed. Larvae were collected and identified, pre and post spraying. Adult survey was done using Human Landing Catch (HLC) performed outdoor and indoor. Detection of malaria parasite in adults was conducted via microscopy and molecular methods. Deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (PolyZone) showed higher efficacy when sprayed outdoor. The efficacy was found varied when sprayed on different types of wall surfaces. Deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (PolyZone) at 25 mg/m(2) was the most effective with regards to ability to high mortality and effective knock down (KD). The vector population was reduced significantly post-spraying and reduction in breeding sites as well. The number of simian malaria infected vector, human and simian malaria transmission were also greatly reduced. Public Library of Science 2020-05-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7228059/ /pubmed/32413033 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230860 Text en © 2020 Rohani et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Rohani, A. Fakhriy, H. Ahmad Suzilah, I. Zurainee, M. N. Najdah, W. M. A. Wan Ariffin, M. Mohd Shakirudin, N. Mohamad Afiq, M. S. Mohd Jenarun, J. Tanrang, Y. Lee, H. L. Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia |
title | Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_full | Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_fullStr | Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_full_unstemmed | Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_short | Indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin K-Othrine(®) (Polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_sort | indoor and outdoor residual spraying of a novel formulation of deltamethrin k-othrine(®) (polyzone) for the control of simian malaria in sabah, malaysia |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7228059/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32413033 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230860 |
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