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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Biomarkers for Identifying High Risk Patients with Extranodal Extension in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Extranodal extension (ENE) is an independent adverse prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and is difficult to identify preoperatively. We aimed to discover biomarkers for high risk patients with ENE. Tandem tissue, plasma, and urine samples of 110 patients with OSCC were investi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7230778/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32235493 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9040951 |
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author | Tsai, Cheng-Kun Lin, Chien-Yu Kang, Chung-Jan Liao, Chun-Ta Wang, Wan-Ling Chiang, Meng-Han Yen, Tzu-Chen Lin, Gigin |
author_facet | Tsai, Cheng-Kun Lin, Chien-Yu Kang, Chung-Jan Liao, Chun-Ta Wang, Wan-Ling Chiang, Meng-Han Yen, Tzu-Chen Lin, Gigin |
author_sort | Tsai, Cheng-Kun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Extranodal extension (ENE) is an independent adverse prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and is difficult to identify preoperatively. We aimed to discover biomarkers for high risk patients with ENE. Tandem tissue, plasma, and urine samples of 110 patients with OSCC were investigated through 600-MHz nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics analysis. We found that the levels of creatine, creatine phosphate, glycine, and tyramine in plasma significantly decreased in stage IV ENE positive OSCC compared with stage IV ENE negative OSCC. To understand the underlying mechanism behind the alteration of plasma metabolites, our tissue analysis revealed that the carnitine level significantly increased in tumors but significantly decreased in the adjacent normal tissue in advanced stage OSCC, in addition to decreased levels of alanine and pyruvate in tumor tissues. The global metabolomics analysis on tumor tissues also showed that stage IV tumors with an ENE positive status demonstrated higher levels of aspartate, butyrate, carnitine, glutamate, glutathione, glycine, glycolate, guanosine, and sucrose but lower levels of alanine, choline, glucose, isoleucine, lactate, leucine, myo-inositol, O-acetylcholine, oxypurinol, phenylalanine, pyruvate, succinate, tyrosine, valine, and xanthine than tumors with an ENE negative status. We concluded that metabolomics alterations in tumor tissues correspond to an increase in the tumor stage and are detectable in plasma samples. Metabolomic alterations of OSCC can serve as potential diagnostic markers and predictors of ENE in patients with stage IV OSCC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7230778 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72307782020-05-22 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Biomarkers for Identifying High Risk Patients with Extranodal Extension in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tsai, Cheng-Kun Lin, Chien-Yu Kang, Chung-Jan Liao, Chun-Ta Wang, Wan-Ling Chiang, Meng-Han Yen, Tzu-Chen Lin, Gigin J Clin Med Article Extranodal extension (ENE) is an independent adverse prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and is difficult to identify preoperatively. We aimed to discover biomarkers for high risk patients with ENE. Tandem tissue, plasma, and urine samples of 110 patients with OSCC were investigated through 600-MHz nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics analysis. We found that the levels of creatine, creatine phosphate, glycine, and tyramine in plasma significantly decreased in stage IV ENE positive OSCC compared with stage IV ENE negative OSCC. To understand the underlying mechanism behind the alteration of plasma metabolites, our tissue analysis revealed that the carnitine level significantly increased in tumors but significantly decreased in the adjacent normal tissue in advanced stage OSCC, in addition to decreased levels of alanine and pyruvate in tumor tissues. The global metabolomics analysis on tumor tissues also showed that stage IV tumors with an ENE positive status demonstrated higher levels of aspartate, butyrate, carnitine, glutamate, glutathione, glycine, glycolate, guanosine, and sucrose but lower levels of alanine, choline, glucose, isoleucine, lactate, leucine, myo-inositol, O-acetylcholine, oxypurinol, phenylalanine, pyruvate, succinate, tyrosine, valine, and xanthine than tumors with an ENE negative status. We concluded that metabolomics alterations in tumor tissues correspond to an increase in the tumor stage and are detectable in plasma samples. Metabolomic alterations of OSCC can serve as potential diagnostic markers and predictors of ENE in patients with stage IV OSCC. MDPI 2020-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7230778/ /pubmed/32235493 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9040951 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Tsai, Cheng-Kun Lin, Chien-Yu Kang, Chung-Jan Liao, Chun-Ta Wang, Wan-Ling Chiang, Meng-Han Yen, Tzu-Chen Lin, Gigin Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Biomarkers for Identifying High Risk Patients with Extranodal Extension in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Biomarkers for Identifying High Risk Patients with Extranodal Extension in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_full | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Biomarkers for Identifying High Risk Patients with Extranodal Extension in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_fullStr | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Biomarkers for Identifying High Risk Patients with Extranodal Extension in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_full_unstemmed | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Biomarkers for Identifying High Risk Patients with Extranodal Extension in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_short | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Biomarkers for Identifying High Risk Patients with Extranodal Extension in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_sort | nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics biomarkers for identifying high risk patients with extranodal extension in oral squamous cell carcinoma |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7230778/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32235493 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9040951 |
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