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Levels of the Novel Endogenous Antagonist of Ghrelin Receptor, Liver-Enriched Antimicrobial Peptide-2, in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating, chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease associated with cachexia. The substitutive therapy of gut hormone ghrelin has been pointed at as a potential countermeasure for the management of metabolic and inflammatory complications in RA. The recent discover...

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Autores principales: Francisco, Vera, Tovar, Sulay, Conde, Javier, Pino, Jesús, Mera, Antonio, Lago, Francisca, González-Gay, Miguel Angel, Dieguez, Carlos, Gualillo, Oreste
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7231392/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32268520
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12041006
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author Francisco, Vera
Tovar, Sulay
Conde, Javier
Pino, Jesús
Mera, Antonio
Lago, Francisca
González-Gay, Miguel Angel
Dieguez, Carlos
Gualillo, Oreste
author_facet Francisco, Vera
Tovar, Sulay
Conde, Javier
Pino, Jesús
Mera, Antonio
Lago, Francisca
González-Gay, Miguel Angel
Dieguez, Carlos
Gualillo, Oreste
author_sort Francisco, Vera
collection PubMed
description Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating, chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease associated with cachexia. The substitutive therapy of gut hormone ghrelin has been pointed at as a potential countermeasure for the management of metabolic and inflammatory complications in RA. The recent discovery of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) as an endogenous inverse agonist/antagonist of the ghrelin receptor makes feasible the development of a more rational pharmacological approach. This work aimed to assess the serum LEAP2 levels, in a cohort of RA patients, in comparison with healthy individuals and determine its correlation with inflammatory parameters. LEAP2 levels were determined by a commercial ELISA kit, plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were evaluated using immunoturbidimetry, and serum levels of inflammatory mediators, namely IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, MIP1α, MCP1, and LCN2, were measured by XMap multiplex assay. LEAP2 serum levels were significantly increased in RA patients (n = 101) compared with control subjects (n = 26). Furthermore, the LEAP2 levels significantly correlated with CRP and inflammatory cytokines, but not with BMI. These data reveal LEAP2 as a new potential RA biomarker and indicated the pharmacological control of LEAP2 levels as a novel approach for the treatment of diseases with alterations on the ghrelin levels, such as rheumatoid cachexia.
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spelling pubmed-72313922020-05-22 Levels of the Novel Endogenous Antagonist of Ghrelin Receptor, Liver-Enriched Antimicrobial Peptide-2, in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Francisco, Vera Tovar, Sulay Conde, Javier Pino, Jesús Mera, Antonio Lago, Francisca González-Gay, Miguel Angel Dieguez, Carlos Gualillo, Oreste Nutrients Brief Report Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating, chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease associated with cachexia. The substitutive therapy of gut hormone ghrelin has been pointed at as a potential countermeasure for the management of metabolic and inflammatory complications in RA. The recent discovery of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) as an endogenous inverse agonist/antagonist of the ghrelin receptor makes feasible the development of a more rational pharmacological approach. This work aimed to assess the serum LEAP2 levels, in a cohort of RA patients, in comparison with healthy individuals and determine its correlation with inflammatory parameters. LEAP2 levels were determined by a commercial ELISA kit, plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were evaluated using immunoturbidimetry, and serum levels of inflammatory mediators, namely IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, MIP1α, MCP1, and LCN2, were measured by XMap multiplex assay. LEAP2 serum levels were significantly increased in RA patients (n = 101) compared with control subjects (n = 26). Furthermore, the LEAP2 levels significantly correlated with CRP and inflammatory cytokines, but not with BMI. These data reveal LEAP2 as a new potential RA biomarker and indicated the pharmacological control of LEAP2 levels as a novel approach for the treatment of diseases with alterations on the ghrelin levels, such as rheumatoid cachexia. MDPI 2020-04-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7231392/ /pubmed/32268520 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12041006 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Brief Report
Francisco, Vera
Tovar, Sulay
Conde, Javier
Pino, Jesús
Mera, Antonio
Lago, Francisca
González-Gay, Miguel Angel
Dieguez, Carlos
Gualillo, Oreste
Levels of the Novel Endogenous Antagonist of Ghrelin Receptor, Liver-Enriched Antimicrobial Peptide-2, in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
title Levels of the Novel Endogenous Antagonist of Ghrelin Receptor, Liver-Enriched Antimicrobial Peptide-2, in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
title_full Levels of the Novel Endogenous Antagonist of Ghrelin Receptor, Liver-Enriched Antimicrobial Peptide-2, in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
title_fullStr Levels of the Novel Endogenous Antagonist of Ghrelin Receptor, Liver-Enriched Antimicrobial Peptide-2, in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
title_full_unstemmed Levels of the Novel Endogenous Antagonist of Ghrelin Receptor, Liver-Enriched Antimicrobial Peptide-2, in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
title_short Levels of the Novel Endogenous Antagonist of Ghrelin Receptor, Liver-Enriched Antimicrobial Peptide-2, in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
title_sort levels of the novel endogenous antagonist of ghrelin receptor, liver-enriched antimicrobial peptide-2, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
topic Brief Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7231392/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32268520
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12041006
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