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Mesenchymal stem cells-bridge catalyst between innate and adaptive immunity in COVID 19

Majority of patients infected with the COVID 19 virus display a mild to moderate course of disease and spontaneously recover at 14–20 days. However, about 15% of patients progress to severe stages and 2.5% of these patients succumb to this illness. Most patients with severe disease belong to the eld...

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Autores principales: Rao, Vishal, Thakur, Shalini, Rao, Jyothsna, Arakeri, Gururaj, Brennan, Peter A., Jadhav, Sachin, Sayeed, Mufti Suhail, Rao, Gururaj
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7232064/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32425307
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109845
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author Rao, Vishal
Thakur, Shalini
Rao, Jyothsna
Arakeri, Gururaj
Brennan, Peter A.
Jadhav, Sachin
Sayeed, Mufti Suhail
Rao, Gururaj
author_facet Rao, Vishal
Thakur, Shalini
Rao, Jyothsna
Arakeri, Gururaj
Brennan, Peter A.
Jadhav, Sachin
Sayeed, Mufti Suhail
Rao, Gururaj
author_sort Rao, Vishal
collection PubMed
description Majority of patients infected with the COVID 19 virus display a mild to moderate course of disease and spontaneously recover at 14–20 days. However, about 15% of patients progress to severe stages and 2.5% of these patients succumb to this illness. Most patients with severe disease belong to the elderly age group (<65 years of age) and have multiple associated co-morbidities. The immune responses induced by the COVID 19 virus, during the incubation and non-severe stages, requires the early initiation of a specific adaptive immune response to eliminate the virus and prevent the progress to severe stages. In patients with a dysfunctional bridge adaptive immunity, the innate immune response becomes exaggerated due to the lack of feedback from the adaptive immune cells. The resultant cytokine storm is responsible for the severe lung injury leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome seen in COVID 19 patients. Mesenchymal stem cells are known to suppress overactive immune responses as well as bring about tissue regeneration and repair. This immuno-modulatory effect of MSCs could hold potential to manage a patient with severe symptoms of COVID 19 infection due to a dysfunctional adaptive immune system.
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spelling pubmed-72320642020-05-18 Mesenchymal stem cells-bridge catalyst between innate and adaptive immunity in COVID 19 Rao, Vishal Thakur, Shalini Rao, Jyothsna Arakeri, Gururaj Brennan, Peter A. Jadhav, Sachin Sayeed, Mufti Suhail Rao, Gururaj Med Hypotheses Article Majority of patients infected with the COVID 19 virus display a mild to moderate course of disease and spontaneously recover at 14–20 days. However, about 15% of patients progress to severe stages and 2.5% of these patients succumb to this illness. Most patients with severe disease belong to the elderly age group (<65 years of age) and have multiple associated co-morbidities. The immune responses induced by the COVID 19 virus, during the incubation and non-severe stages, requires the early initiation of a specific adaptive immune response to eliminate the virus and prevent the progress to severe stages. In patients with a dysfunctional bridge adaptive immunity, the innate immune response becomes exaggerated due to the lack of feedback from the adaptive immune cells. The resultant cytokine storm is responsible for the severe lung injury leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome seen in COVID 19 patients. Mesenchymal stem cells are known to suppress overactive immune responses as well as bring about tissue regeneration and repair. This immuno-modulatory effect of MSCs could hold potential to manage a patient with severe symptoms of COVID 19 infection due to a dysfunctional adaptive immune system. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2020-10 2020-05-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7232064/ /pubmed/32425307 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109845 Text en © 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Rao, Vishal
Thakur, Shalini
Rao, Jyothsna
Arakeri, Gururaj
Brennan, Peter A.
Jadhav, Sachin
Sayeed, Mufti Suhail
Rao, Gururaj
Mesenchymal stem cells-bridge catalyst between innate and adaptive immunity in COVID 19
title Mesenchymal stem cells-bridge catalyst between innate and adaptive immunity in COVID 19
title_full Mesenchymal stem cells-bridge catalyst between innate and adaptive immunity in COVID 19
title_fullStr Mesenchymal stem cells-bridge catalyst between innate and adaptive immunity in COVID 19
title_full_unstemmed Mesenchymal stem cells-bridge catalyst between innate and adaptive immunity in COVID 19
title_short Mesenchymal stem cells-bridge catalyst between innate and adaptive immunity in COVID 19
title_sort mesenchymal stem cells-bridge catalyst between innate and adaptive immunity in covid 19
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7232064/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32425307
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109845
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